महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-27, verse-26

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तमेवंवादिनं पार्थं बन्धुशोकेन विह्वलम् ।
मैवमित्यब्रवीद्व्यासो निगृह्य मुनिसत्तमः ॥२६॥

26. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tamevaṁvādinaṁ pārthaṁ bandhuśokena vihvalam ,
maivamityabravīdvyāso nigṛhya munisattamaḥ.

26. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tam evamvādinam pārtham bandhuśokena
vihvalam mā evam iti abravīt vyāsaḥ nigṛhya munisattamaḥ

26. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca munisattamaḥ vyāsaḥ bandhuśokena
vihvalam tam evamvādinam pārtham nigṛhya mā evam iti abravīt

26. Vaiśampāyana said: Vyāsa, the best among sages, having restrained Pārtha (Arjuna), who was speaking thus and was overwhelmed by grief (śoka) for his relatives, said, "Do not do that!"

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of Mahābhārata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• तम् (tam) - him (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• एवम्वादिनम् (evamvādinam) - speaking thus (speaking thus, one who speaks in this manner)

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - Pārtha (Arjuna) (Pārtha (son of Pṛthā, i.e., Arjuna))

• बन्धुशोकेन (bandhuśokena) - by grief for his relatives (by grief for relatives, due to sorrow for kinsmen)

• विह्वलम् (vihvalam) - overwhelmed (overwhelmed, agitated, distressed)

• मा (mā) - do not (not, do not (prohibitive particle))

• एवम् (evam) - that (referring to his intention to abandon his body) (thus, in this manner)

• इति (iti) - (quotation marker) (thus, so (quotation marker))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said (he said, he spoke)

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa (Vyāsa (a revered sage, compiler of Vedas and Mahābhārata))

• निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having restrained (having seized, having held back, having restrained)

• मुनिसत्तमः (munisattamaḥ) - the best among sages (best among sages, chief of ascetics)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of Mahābhārata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense, Parasmaipada

3rd person singular, perfect tense, parasmaipada of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तम् (tam) - him (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Pārtha.

एवम्वादिनम् (evamvādinam) - speaking thus (speaking thus, one who speaks in this manner)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of evamvādin

evamvādin - one who speaks thus, a speaker of this kind

Agent noun / Adjective

Formed from `evam` (thus) + √vad (to speak) + -in (suffix indicating agency)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (evam+vādin)

• evam – thus, in this manner
  indeclinable
• vādin – speaking, saying; speaker
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun suffix -in
  Derived from root √vad (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Pārtha.

पार्थम् (pārtham) - Pārtha (Arjuna) (Pārtha (son of Pṛthā, i.e., Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), name for Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna

A patronymic derived from Pṛthā

Note: Object of `abravīt`.

बन्धुशोकेन (bandhuśokena) - by grief for his relatives (by grief for relatives, due to sorrow for kinsmen)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bandhuśoka

bandhuśoka - grief for relatives/kinsmen

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bandhu+śoka)

• bandhu – kinsman, relative
  noun (masculine)
• śoka – grief, sorrow, affliction
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the cause of his distress.

विह्वलम् (vihvalam) - overwhelmed (overwhelmed, agitated, distressed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vihvala

vihvala - overwhelmed, agitated, distressed, bewildered

Derived from √hval with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: hval (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Pārtha.

मा (mā) - do not (not, do not (prohibitive particle))

(indeclinable)

Note: Prohibitive particle.

एवम् (evam) - that (referring to his intention to abandon his body) (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to Pārtha's preceding statement.

इति (iti) - (quotation marker) (thus, so (quotation marker))

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense, Parasmaipada

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, parasmaipada of √brū (or √vac)

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Subject is Vyāsa.

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa (Vyāsa (a revered sage, compiler of Vedas and Mahābhārata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - name of a celebrated sage, 'divider' or 'compiler'

Lit. 'divider' or 'compiler', from vi- + √as (to throw, scatter)

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Subject of `abravīt`.

निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having restrained (having seized, having held back, having restrained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of √grah (to seize) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Action performed by Vyāsa before speaking.

मुनिसत्तमः (munisattamaḥ) - the best among sages (best among sages, chief of ascetics)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of munisattama

munisattama - best among sages

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+sattama)

• muni – sage, ascetic
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama

Note: Epithet for Vyāsa.