महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-27, verse-14

आचार्यश्च महेष्वासः सर्वपार्थिवपूजितः ।
अभिगम्य रणे मिथ्या पापेनोक्तः सुतं प्रति ॥१४॥

14. ācāryaśca maheṣvāsaḥ sarvapārthivapūjitaḥ ,
abhigamya raṇe mithyā pāpenoktaḥ sutaṁ prati.

14. ācāryaḥ ca maheṣvāsaḥ sarvapārthivapūjitaḥ
abhigamya raṇe mithyā pāpena uktaḥ sutam prati

14. ca ācāryaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ sarvapārthivapūjitaḥ
pāpena raṇe abhigamya sutaṃ prati mithyā uktaḥ

14. And the teacher (guru), a great archer honored by all kings, was approached in battle by the sinful one and falsely told something regarding his son.

Words meanings summery:

• आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - the teacher (Drona) (teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - a great archer (Drona) (great archer)

• सर्वपार्थिवपूजितः (sarvapārthivapūjitaḥ) - worshipped and respected by all kings (worshipped by all kings)

• अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached (him) (having approached, having gone towards)

• रणे (raṇe) - in the battlefield (in battle, in war)

• मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely (told) (falsely, wrongly, in vain)

• पापेन (pāpena) - by the sinful one (Yudhisthira, in his self-reproach) (by a sinful one, by a wicked person)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - was told, spoken to (said, spoken, told)

• सुतम् (sutam) - regarding the son (Aśvatthāman) (son)

• प्रति (prati) - concerning (towards, concerning, regarding, against)

Words meanings and morphology

आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - the teacher (Drona) (teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to connect sentences or clauses.

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - a great archer (Drona) (great archer)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'mahat' (great), becomes 'mahā' in compounds
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman
  noun (masculine)
  Literally, "arrow-thrower" or "bow-wielder"
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'ācāryaḥ'.

सर्वपार्थिवपूजितः (sarvapārthivapūjitaḥ) - worshipped and respected by all kings (worshipped by all kings)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvapārthivapūjita

sarvapārthivapūjita - worshipped by all kings

Past Passive Participle

Formed by 'sarva' (all) + 'pārthiva' (king) + 'pūjita' (worshipped).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+pārthiva+pūjita)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• pārthiva – king, ruler, earthly
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'pṛthivī' (earth).
• pūjita – worshipped, honored, respected
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'pūj' (to worship, honor).
  Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'ācāryaḥ'.

अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached (him) (having approached, having gone towards)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund) with prefix

Formed from prefix 'abhi' + root 'gam' (to go) + suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in the battlefield (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Denotes the location of the action.

मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely (told) (falsely, wrongly, in vain)

(indeclinable)

पापेन (pāpena) - by the sinful one (Yudhisthira, in his self-reproach) (by a sinful one, by a wicked person)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sinful, wicked; sin, evil

Note: Denotes the agent of the passive verb 'uktaḥ'.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - was told, spoken to (said, spoken, told)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak). Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

सुतम् (sutam) - regarding the son (Aśvatthāman) (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Derived from root 'sū' (to produce, beget).

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Accusative case, often governed by 'prati'.

प्रति (prati) - concerning (towards, concerning, regarding, against)

(indeclinable)