महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-27, verse-13

स मया राज्यलुब्धेन पापेन गुरुघातिना ।
अल्पकालस्य राज्यस्य कृते मूढेन घातितः ॥१३॥

13. sa mayā rājyalubdhena pāpena gurughātinā ,
alpakālasya rājyasya kṛte mūḍhena ghātitaḥ.

13. sa mayā rājyalubdhena pāpena gurughātinā
alpakālasya rājyasya kṛte mūḍhena ghātitaḥ

13. sa mayā rājyalubdhena pāpena gurughātinā
alpakālasya rājyasya kṛte mūḍhena ghātitaḥ

13. He was killed by me, a sinful fool, who was greedy for a short-lived kingdom and guilty of killing my own teacher (guru).

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - He (referring to the killed person, Drona) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• मया (mayā) - by me (the speaker, Yudhisthira) (by me)

• राज्यलुब्धेन (rājyalubdhena) - by me, who was greedy for a kingdom (by one greedy for a kingdom, by one covetous of royal power)

• पापेन (pāpena) - by me, a sinful person (by a sinful one, by a wicked person)

• गुरुघातिना (gurughātinā) - by me, who killed my teacher (guru) (by one who kills a teacher/elder)

• अल्पकालस्य (alpakālasya) - of a short-lived kingdom (of short time, of brief duration)

• राज्यस्य (rājyasya) - of the kingdom (of the kingdom, of sovereignty)

• कृते (kṛte) - for the sake of (the kingdom) (for the sake of, on account of)

• मूढेन (mūḍhena) - by me, a foolish one (by a foolish one, by an ignorant person)

• घातितः (ghātitaḥ) - was killed (by me) (killed, caused to be killed)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - He (referring to the killed person, Drona) (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

मया (mayā) - by me (the speaker, Yudhisthira) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

राज्यलुब्धेन (rājyalubdhena) - by me, who was greedy for a kingdom (by one greedy for a kingdom, by one covetous of royal power)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājyalubdha

rājyalubdha - greedy for a kingdom

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājya+lubdha)

• rājya – kingdom, royalty, sovereignty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• lubdha – greedy, covetous, eager
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'lubh' (to desire, to covet).
  Root: lubh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'mayā'.

पापेन (pāpena) - by me, a sinful person (by a sinful one, by a wicked person)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sinful, wicked; sin, evil

Note: Qualifies 'mayā'.

गुरुघातिना (gurughātinā) - by me, who killed my teacher (guru) (by one who kills a teacher/elder)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gurughātin

gurughātin - killer of a teacher/elder

Derived from 'guru' (teacher) and 'ghātin' (killer, agent noun from root 'han' to strike/kill).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+ghātin)

• guru – teacher, spiritual preceptor, elder, weighty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gṝ
• ghātin – killer, slayer, striking, destroying
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun / Adjective
  Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with suffix '-in'.
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'mayā'.

अल्पकालस्य (alpakālasya) - of a short-lived kingdom (of short time, of brief duration)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of alpakāla

alpakāla - short-lived, of brief duration

Compound type : karmadhāraya (alpa+kāla)

• alpa – small, little, short, brief
  adjective (masculine)
• kāla – time, period, duration
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal

Note: Qualifies 'rājyasya'.

राज्यस्य (rājyasya) - of the kingdom (of the kingdom, of sovereignty)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, royalty, sovereignty

Root: rāj (class 1)

कृते (kṛte) - for the sake of (the kingdom) (for the sake of, on account of)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (used as indeclinable)

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make). In the locative singular form 'kṛte', it functions as an indeclinable meaning "for the sake of".

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Always takes genitive case of the noun it refers to.

मूढेन (mūḍhena) - by me, a foolish one (by a foolish one, by an ignorant person)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, ignorant, bewildered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'muh' (to be bewildered, confused).

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'mayā'.

घातितः (ghātitaḥ) - was killed (by me) (killed, caused to be killed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghātita

ghātita - killed, slain

Past Passive Participle (causative)

Derived from the causative of root 'han' (to strike, kill). 'ghātita' means "caused to be killed" or simply "killed" when the agent is the cause.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'sa' (he).