महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-267, verse-6

विद्धि नारद पञ्चैताञ्शाश्वतानचलान्ध्रुवान् ।
महतस्तेजसो राशीन्कालषष्ठान्स्वभावतः ॥६॥

6. viddhi nārada pañcaitāñśāśvatānacalāndhruvān ,
mahatastejaso rāśīnkālaṣaṣṭhānsvabhāvataḥ.

6. viddhi nārada pañca etān śāśvatān acalān dhruvān
mahataḥ tejasaḥ rāśīn kāla-ṣaṣṭhān svabhāvataḥ

6. nārada,
etān pañca śāśvatān acalān dhruvān mahataḥ tejasaḥ rāśīn svabhāvataḥ kāla-ṣaṣṭhān viddhi.

6. O Nārada, know these five (elements) to be eternal, unmoving, and constant—great masses of energy (tejas) that are naturally accompanied by Time as the sixth.

Words meanings summery:

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• नारद (nārada) - O Narada

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• एतान् (etān) - these five (elements) (these)

• शाश्वतान् (śāśvatān) - eternal, perpetual, constant

• अचलान् (acalān) - unmoving, immovable, steady

• ध्रुवान् (dhruvān) - constant, firm, fixed, certain

• महतः (mahataḥ) - of great, mighty

• तेजसः (tejasaḥ) - of energy (tejas) (of brilliance, of energy, of splendor)

• राशीन् (rāśīn) - masses, heaps, multitudes

• काल-षष्ठान् (kāla-ṣaṣṭhān) - accompanied by Time as the sixth (having Time as the sixth)

• स्वभावतः (svabhāvataḥ) - by nature, naturally, inherently

Words meanings and morphology

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative mood, 2nd person singular, active voice (irregular form of √vid)

Root: vid (class 2)

नारद (nārada) - O Narada

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (name of a divine sage)

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'etān'.

एतान् (etān) - these five (elements) (these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Object of 'viddhi'. Refers to the five great elements, treated here with masculine adjectives.

शाश्वतान् (śāśvatān) - eternal, perpetual, constant

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, constant, everlasting

From śaśvat (always)

Note: Qualifies 'etān'.

अचलान् (acalān) - unmoving, immovable, steady

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of acala

acala - immovable, unmoving, steady (often referring to a mountain)

Compound of a- (negation) and cala (moving); a (prefix) + √cal (root)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (cala)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• cala – moving, movable, unsteady
  adjective (masculine)
  From √cal (to move)
  Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'etān'.

ध्रुवान् (dhruvān) - constant, firm, fixed, certain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dhruva

dhruva - fixed, firm, constant, certain, eternal

From √dhru (to be firm, constant)

Root: dhru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'etān'.

महतः (mahataḥ) - of great, mighty

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Qualifies 'tejasaḥ'.

तेजसः (tejasaḥ) - of energy (tejas) (of brilliance, of energy, of splendor)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - brilliance, splendor, energy, spiritual power, fire, light (tejas)

Note: Possessive, describes 'rāśīn'.

राशीन् (rāśīn) - masses, heaps, multitudes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rāśi

rāśi - heap, pile, mass, quantity, multitude, zodiacal sign

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

काल-षष्ठान् (kāla-ṣaṣṭhān) - accompanied by Time as the sixth (having Time as the sixth)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kālaṣaṣṭha

kālaṣaṣṭha - that which has Time as its sixth (component/member)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāla+ṣaṣṭha)

• kāla – time, period, season
  noun (masculine)
• ṣaṣṭha – sixth
  numeral (masculine)
  Ordinal numeral from ṣaṣ (six)

Note: Qualifies 'rāśīn' and by extension 'etān'.

स्वभावतः (svabhāvataḥ) - by nature, naturally, inherently

(indeclinable)

Formed with the suffix -tas from svabhāva (one's own nature)

Note: Adverbial use.