महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-267, verse-20

जल्पनाभ्यवहारार्थं मुखमिन्द्रियमुच्यते ।
गमनेन्द्रियं तथा पादौ कर्मणः करणे करौ ॥२०॥

20. jalpanābhyavahārārthaṁ mukhamindriyamucyate ,
gamanendriyaṁ tathā pādau karmaṇaḥ karaṇe karau.

20. jalpana-abhyavahāra-artham mukham indriyam ucyate
tathā gamana-indriyam pādau karmaṇaḥ karaṇe karau

20. mukham jalpana-abhyavahāra-artham indriyam ucyate
tathā pādau gamana-indriyam karau karmaṇaḥ karaṇe

20. The mouth is called an organ (indriya) for speaking and eating. Similarly, the feet are organs for walking, and the hands are for performing actions (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• जल्पन-अभ्यवहार-अर्थम् (jalpana-abhyavahāra-artham) - for the purpose of speaking and eating

• मुखम् (mukham) - mouth

• इन्द्रियम् (indriyam) - sense organ, faculty

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

• गमन-इन्द्रियम् (gamana-indriyam) - organ for walking/moving

• पादौ (pādau) - two feet

• कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - for the purpose of action (of action, for action)

• करणे (karaṇe) - in the act of performing (in performing, for performing, in action)

• करौ (karau) - two hands

Words meanings and morphology

जल्पन-अभ्यवहार-अर्थम् (jalpana-abhyavahāra-artham) - for the purpose of speaking and eating

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jalpana-abhyavahāra-artha

jalpana-abhyavahāra-artha - purpose of speaking and eating

Compound type : tatpurusha (jalpana+abhyavahāra+artha)

• jalpana – speaking, talking
  noun (neuter)
  From root √jalp (to speak, to babble)
  Root: √jalp (class 1)
• abhyavahāra – eating, consumption
  noun (masculine)
  From abhi + ava + √hṛ (to take)
  Prefixes: abhi+ava
  Root: √hṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: `artha` in compounds often indicates purpose, taking on an accusative/dative sense.

मुखम् (mukham) - mouth

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mukha

mukha - mouth, face, principal part

इन्द्रियम् (indriyam) - sense organ, faculty

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of indriya

indriya - sense organ, faculty, power

From Indra + ya suffix

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of √vac

present passive

Present stem ucya-

Root: √vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

गमन-इन्द्रियम् (gamana-indriyam) - organ for walking/moving

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gamana-indriya

gamana-indriya - organ of locomotion

Compound type : tatpurusha (gamana+indriya)

• gamana – going, walking, motion
  noun (neuter)
  From root √gam (to go)
  Root: √gam (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty, power
  noun (neuter)
  From Indra + ya suffix

Note: The nominative singular form functions here as a predicate nominative, referring to the dual subject 'pādau'.

पादौ (pādau) - two feet

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pāda

pāda - foot, quarter, line of verse

कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - for the purpose of action (of action, for action)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual, fate

From root √kṛ (to do)

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

Note: Genitive case can imply purpose or relation.

करणे (karaṇe) - in the act of performing (in performing, for performing, in action)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of karaṇa

karaṇa - act of doing, instrument, cause

From root √kṛ (to do)

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

Note: Locative implies the sphere or context of an action.

करौ (karau) - two hands

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kara

kara - hand, ray, tax