महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-259, verse-9

तत्त्वाभेदेन यच्छास्त्रं तत्कार्यं नान्यथा वधः ।
असमीक्ष्यैव कर्माणि नीतिशास्त्रं यथाविधि ॥९॥

9. tattvābhedena yacchāstraṁ tatkāryaṁ nānyathā vadhaḥ ,
asamīkṣyaiva karmāṇi nītiśāstraṁ yathāvidhi.

9. tattvā-abhedena yat śāstram tat kāryam na anyathā
vadhaḥ asamīkṣya eva karmāṇi nīti-śāstram yathā-vidhi

9. yat śāstram tattvā-abhedena (sthāpitam asti),
tat kāryam; anyathā vadhaḥ (bhavati).
karmāṇi nīti-śāstram yathā-vidhi asamīkṣya eva vadhaḥ na (kāryaḥ).

9. Whatever constitutional law (śāstra) is established in accordance with the essence of truth (tattva-abheda), that alone should be implemented; otherwise, it leads to punishment. Punishment (vadhaḥ) should not be meted out without thoroughly examining the actions (karma) according to the principles of constitutional law (nīti-śāstra) and due procedure (yathā-vidhi).

Words meanings summery:

• तत्त्वा-अभेदेन (tattvā-abhedena) - by the non-difference of reality, by the principle of ultimate truth, according to the essence of the matter

• यत् (yat) - whatever, which

• शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - scripture, treatise, science, law, rule, constitutional law

• तत् (tat) - that

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - that should be implemented (should be done, is to be done, duty, action)

• न (na) - not

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, differently

• वधः (vadhaḥ) - punishment (as a consequence) (killing, slaughter, punishment, execution)

• असमीक्ष्य (asamīkṣya) - without having examined, without considering

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions, deeds

• नीति-शास्त्रम् (nīti-śāstram) - treatise on polity, constitutional law, ethical science

• यथा-विधि (yathā-vidhi) - according to due procedure (according to rule, lawfully, properly)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्त्वा-अभेदेन (tattvā-abhedena) - by the non-difference of reality, by the principle of ultimate truth, according to the essence of the matter

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tattvā-abheda

tattvā-abheda - non-difference of truth, identity with reality, essential principle

Compound type : tatpurusha (tattva+abheda)

• tattva – truth, reality, essence, principle
  noun (neuter)
• abheda – non-difference, identity, similarity
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: a
  Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Instrumental of tattvā-abheda.

यत् (yat) - whatever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Relative pronoun, qualifying śāstram.

शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - scripture, treatise, science, law, rule, constitutional law

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śāstra

śāstra - rule, precept, manual, treatise, science, sacred text, constitutional law

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative to yat.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - that should be implemented (should be done, is to be done, duty, action)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, fit to be done, duty, action, work

Gerundive

Derived from root kṛ with suffix -ya (kṛ + ya)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective, implying 'it should be made to happen'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise, differently

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

वधः (vadhaḥ) - punishment (as a consequence) (killing, slaughter, punishment, execution)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaughter, punishment, execution

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Can be interpreted as 'punishment results'.

असमीक्ष्य (asamīkṣya) - without having examined, without considering

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Negative absolutive of root īkṣ with upasarga sam, formed with suffix -ya after negation a-

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+samīkṣya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• samīkṣya – having examined, having considered
  indeclinable
  Absolutive (Gerund)
  Absolutive of samīkṣ (upasarga sam + root īkṣ)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions, deeds

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of karmaṇ

karmaṇ - action, deed, work, ritual action, fate

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Accusative plural of karman (karma).

नीति-शास्त्रम् (nīti-śāstram) - treatise on polity, constitutional law, ethical science

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nīti-śāstra

nīti-śāstra - science of polity, constitutional law, ethics, moral treatise

Compound type : tatpurusha (nīti+śāstra)

• nīti – guidance, conduct, political science, ethics, policy
  noun (feminine)
  Root: nī (class 1)
• śāstra – rule, precept, manual, treatise, science, sacred text, law
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Accusative singular, acting as a standard for examination.

यथा-विधि (yathā-vidhi) - according to due procedure (according to rule, lawfully, properly)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+vidhi)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• vidhi – rule, precept, injunction, method, fate
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Adverbial.