महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-259, verse-8

यो यस्तेषामपचरेत्तमाचक्षीत वै द्विजः ।
अयं मे न शृणोतीति तस्मिन्राजा प्रधारयेत् ॥८॥

8. yo yasteṣāmapacarettamācakṣīta vai dvijaḥ ,
ayaṁ me na śṛṇotīti tasminrājā pradhārayet.

8. yaḥ yaḥ teṣām apacaret tam ācakṣīta vai dvijaḥ
ayam me na śṛṇoti iti tasmin rājā pradhārayet

8. yaḥ yaḥ teṣām apacaret,
dvijaḥ vai tam "ayam me na śṛṇoti" iti ācakṣīta.
tasmin rājā pradhārayet.

8. If anyone among them misbehaves, a twice-born (dvija) should certainly report him, stating, "This person does not obey me." The king should then make a decision regarding that matter.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which, whoever

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which, whoever

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• अपचरेत् (apacaret) - should misbehave, should act improperly

• तम् (tam) - him, that (person)

• आचक्षीत (ācakṣīta) - should report, should inform

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born, a Brahmin

• अयम् (ayam) - this (person)

• मे (me) - to me, my

• न (na) - not

• शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - does not obey (listens, hears, obeys)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - concerning the misbehaving person (in him, concerning him, in that matter)

• राजा (rājā) - the king

• प्रधारयेत् (pradhārayet) - should decide, should determine, should investigate

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Relative pronoun. Repeated for emphasis.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Relative pronoun. Repeated for emphasis.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun used as a personal pronoun.

अपचरेत् (apacaret) - should misbehave, should act improperly

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of apacar

Optative mood

3rd person singular Optative active of apacar (upasarga apa + root car)

Prefix: apa

Root: car (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him, that (person)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative to yaḥ.

आचक्षीत (ācakṣīta) - should report, should inform

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of ācakṣ

Optative mood

3rd person singular Optative middle of ācakṣ (upasarga ā + root cakṣ)

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Used in the sense of reporting on someone.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born, a Brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+jan)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• jan – to be born, to produce
  verb
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of ācakṣīta.

अयम् (ayam) - this (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Subject of the quoted speech.

मे (me) - to me, my

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Dative is more common with verbs of listening/obeying, implying 'to me'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - does not obey (listens, hears, obeys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śru

Present indicative

3rd person singular Present active of śru (root śru, class 5)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Implies 'does not obey' in context.

इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of direct speech.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - concerning the misbehaving person (in him, concerning him, in that matter)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the misbehaving person.

राजा (rājā) - the king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of pradhārayet.

प्रधारयेत् (pradhārayet) - should decide, should determine, should investigate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of pradhṛ

Optative mood

3rd person singular Optative active of pradhṛ (upasarga pra + root dhṛ)

Prefix: pra

Root: dhṛ (class 1)