महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-259, verse-10

दस्यून्हिनस्ति वै राजा भूयसो वाप्यनागसः ।
भार्या माता पिता पुत्रो हन्यते पुरुषे हते ।
परेणापकृते राजा तस्मात्सम्यक्प्रधारयेत् ॥१०॥

10. dasyūnhinasti vai rājā bhūyaso vāpyanāgasaḥ ,
bhāryā mātā pitā putro hanyate puruṣe hate ,
pareṇāpakṛte rājā tasmātsamyakpradhārayet.

10. dasyūn hinasti vai rājā bhūyasaḥ vā
api anāgasaḥ bhāryā mātā pitā
putraḥ hanyate puruṣe hate pareṇa
apakṛte rājā tasmāt samyak pradhārayet

10. rājā dasyūn hinasti,
vā api bhūyasaḥ anāgasaḥ (hinasti).
puruṣe hate (sati) bhāryā,
mātā,
pitā,
putraḥ (ca) hanyate.
tasmāt,
pareṇa apakṛte (sati),
rājā samyak pradhārayet.

10. The king certainly punishes criminals, but (carelessly) he might also harm many innocent people. When a person (puruṣa) is killed, his wife, mother, father, and son are also, in effect, destroyed. Therefore, when a wrong is committed by another, the king must investigate thoroughly.

Words meanings summery:

• दस्यून् (dasyūn) - robbers, bandits, criminals

• हिनस्ति (hinasti) - punishes (harms, injures, kills, destroys)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• राजा (rājā) - the king

• भूयसः (bhūyasaḥ) - more, many, (of) many

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - even, also

• अनागसः (anāgasaḥ) - innocent, sinless, harmless

• भार्या (bhāryā) - wife

• माता (mātā) - mother

• पिता (pitā) - father

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• हन्यते (hanyate) - is, in effect, destroyed (due to loss of support) (is killed, is destroyed)

• पुरुषे (puruṣe) - when a person (puruṣa) (in a man, when a man)

• हते (hate) - killed, struck, destroyed

• परेण (pareṇa) - by another

• अपकृते (apakṛte) - when a wrong is done, when an offense is committed

• राजा (rājā) - the king

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, thoroughly, correctly

• प्रधारयेत् (pradhārayet) - should decide, should determine, should investigate

Words meanings and morphology

दस्यून् (dasyūn) - robbers, bandits, criminals

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dasyu

dasyu - robber, bandit, enemy, criminal

Note: Direct object of hinasti.

हिनस्ति (hinasti) - punishes (harms, injures, kills, destroys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of hiṃs

Present indicative

3rd person singular Present active of hiṃs (root hiṃs, class 7)

Root: hiṃs (class 7)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

राजा (rājā) - the king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of hinasti.

भूयसः (bhūyasaḥ) - more, many, (of) many

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhūyas

bhūyas - more, greater, very much, many

Comparative form of bahu (much, many)

Note: Agrees with anāgasaḥ.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with vā to mean 'or even'.

अनागसः (anāgasaḥ) - innocent, sinless, harmless

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anāgas

anāgas - innocent, sinless, faultless

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (an+āgas)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• āgas – offence, crime, fault, sin
  noun (neuter)

Note: Noun used as adjective.

भार्या (bhāryā) - wife

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, she who is to be supported

Gerundive

Feminine of the gerundive of root bhṛ (to bear, support)

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject.

माता (mātā) - mother

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Subject.

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Subject.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Subject.

हन्यते (hanyate) - is, in effect, destroyed (due to loss of support) (is killed, is destroyed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of han

Present indicative passive

3rd person singular Present passive of han (root han, class 2)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: The singular form is used collectively for the list of subjects.

पुरुषे (puruṣe) - when a person (puruṣa) (in a man, when a man)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, person, male, cosmic person

Note: Part of locative absolute.

हते (hate) - killed, struck, destroyed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root han (to kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Part of locative absolute.

परेण (pareṇa) - by another

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of para

para - other, another, supreme, distant

Note: Agent in locative absolute.

अपकृते (apakṛte) - when a wrong is done, when an offense is committed

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of apakṛta

apakṛta - wronged, harmed, offended, done wrong

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of apakṛ (upasarga apa + root kṛ)

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Part of locative absolute.

राजा (rājā) - the king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of pradhārayet.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Adverbial use.

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, thoroughly, correctly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying pradhārayet.

प्रधारयेत् (pradhārayet) - should decide, should determine, should investigate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of pradhṛ

Optative mood

3rd person singular Optative active of pradhṛ (upasarga pra + root dhṛ)

Prefix: pra

Root: dhṛ (class 1)