महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-259, verse-23

सत्यवानुवाच ।
तान्न शक्नोषि चेत्साधून्परित्रातुमहिंसया ।
कस्यचिद्भूतभव्यस्य लाभेनान्तं तथा कुरु ॥२३॥

23. satyavānuvāca ,
tānna śaknoṣi cetsādhūnparitrātumahiṁsayā ,
kasyacidbhūtabhavyasya lābhenāntaṁ tathā kuru.

23. satyavān uvāca tān na śaknoṣi cet sādhūn paritrātum
ahiṃsayā kasyacit bhūtabhavyasya lābhena antam tathā kuru

23. satyavān uvāca cet tān sādhūn ahiṃsayā paritrātum na
śaknoṣi kasyacit bhūtabhavyasya lābhena antam tathā kuru

23. Satyavān said: If you are unable to protect those virtuous people through non-violence (ahiṃsā), then bring about an end to this situation by acquiring some advantage, whether it be from all that exists or will exist (bhūtabhavya).

Words meanings summery:

• सत्यवान् (satyavān) - Satyavān (a character in a narrative) (Satyavān (a proper name), truth-possessing)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• न (na) - not

• शक्नोषि (śaknoṣi) - you are able

• चेत् (cet) - if

• साधून् (sādhūn) - virtuous ones, good people, saints

• परित्रातुम् (paritrātum) - to protect, to save

• अहिंसया (ahiṁsayā) - by non-violence, by non-injury

• कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of someone, of something, of a certain

• भूतभव्यस्य (bhūtabhavyasya) - of all that exists or will exist, of past and future

• लाभेन (lābhena) - by gain, by acquisition, by advantage

• अन्तम् (antam) - end, destruction, limit

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that way

• कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

Words meanings and morphology

सत्यवान् (satyavān) - Satyavān (a character in a narrative) (Satyavān (a proper name), truth-possessing)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavat

satyavat - truthful, possessing truth

Derivative noun/adjective formed with possessive suffix -vat from satya.

• satya – truth, true
  noun (neuter)
• vat – like, possessing (suffix)
  indeclinable
  Possessive suffix

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

3rd person singular, Paras. from root vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Object of paritrātum. Refers to sādhūn.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates śaknoṣi.

शक्नोषि (śaknoṣi) - you are able

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śak

Present

2nd person singular, Paras. from root śak (class 5)

Root: śak (class 5)

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

साधून् (sādhūn) - virtuous ones, good people, saints

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy man

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Object of paritrātum.

परित्रातुम् (paritrātum) - to protect, to save

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

from pari-trā (class 2)

Prefix: pari

Root: trā (class 2)

Note: Used with śaknoṣi (to be able to).

अहिंसया (ahiṁsayā) - by non-violence, by non-injury

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ahiṃsā

ahiṁsā - non-violence, non-injury, harmlessness

from a-hiṃsā (non-harm)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hiṃsā)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• hiṃsā – injury, harm
  noun (feminine)
  from root hiṃs
  Root: hiṃs (class 7)

Note: Indicates the means of protection.

कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of someone, of something, of a certain

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kimcit

kimcit - someone, something, a certain (indefinite pronoun)

indefinite pronoun formed from kim + cit

• kim – who, what, which (interrogative pronoun)
  pronoun (masculine)
• cit – indefinite particle, any, some
  indeclinable
  Indefinite particle

Note: Agrees with bhūtabhavyasya. Refers to 'something'.

भूतभव्यस्य (bhūtabhavyasya) - of all that exists or will exist, of past and future

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhūtabhavya

bhūtabhavya - past and future; all that has existed and will exist; creatures and future events

Compound type : dvandva (bhūta+bhavya)

• bhūta – been, become, past, creature, element
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root bhū (to be, become, class 1)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• bhavya – to be, future, what is to be, suitable, proper
  adjective (masculine)
  Future Passive Participle (gerundive)
  from root bhū (to be, become, class 1)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Dvandva compound 'past and future'.

लाभेन (lābhena) - by gain, by acquisition, by advantage

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of lābha

lābha - gain, acquisition, profit, advantage

from root labh (to obtain, class 1)

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means of bringing about an end.

अन्तम् (antam) - end, destruction, limit

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, limit, boundary, death, destruction

Note: Object of kuru.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that way

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies kuru (do in that manner).

कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative

2nd person singular, Paras. from root kṛ (class 8)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Direct command.