महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-259, verse-3

अव्याहृतं व्याजहार सत्यवानिति नः श्रुतम् ।
वधाय नीयमानेषु पितुरेवानुशासनात् ॥३॥

3. avyāhṛtaṁ vyājahāra satyavāniti naḥ śrutam ,
vadhāya nīyamāneṣu piturevānuśāsanāt.

3. avyāhṛtaṃ vyājāhāra satyavān iti naḥ śrutam
vadhāya nīyamāneṣu pituḥ eva anuśāsanāt

3. naḥ iti śrutam satyavān avyāhṛtaṃ vyājāhāra
pituḥ eva anuśāsanāt vadhāya nīyamāneṣu

3. It has been heard by us that Satyavat would utter unbidden words, especially when people were being led to be killed, solely by his father's command.

Words meanings summery:

• अव्याहृतं (avyāhṛtaṁ) - unbidden words, unspoken (truths) (unspoken, unuttered, not brought forth)

• व्याजाहार (vyājāhāra) - he uttered, he spoke (he spoke, he uttered, he said)

• सत्यवान् (satyavān) - Satyavat (the son of Dyumatsena) (Satyavat (proper noun))

• इति (iti) - thus, that (introducing a statement) (thus, in this manner, indicates direct speech)

• नः (naḥ) - by us (by us (instrumental), to us (dative), our (genitive))

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - it has been heard (heard, revealed, traditional knowledge)

• वधाय (vadhāya) - for killing, for slaughter (for killing, for striking, for slaughter)

• नीयमानेषु (nīyamāneṣu) - when (people) were being led (among those being led, in the case of those being led)

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (of the father, from the father)

• एव (eva) - solely, only (indeed, only, just, even)

• अनुशासनात् (anuśāsanāt) - by his command, from his instruction (from instruction, by command, by teaching)

Words meanings and morphology

अव्याहृतं (avyāhṛtaṁ) - unbidden words, unspoken (truths) (unspoken, unuttered, not brought forth)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avyāhṛta

avyāhṛta - unspoken, unuttered, not mentioned, unexpressed

Past Passive Participle (negated)

From negation a- + prefix vi-ā + root √hṛ (to bring) + suffix -ta. 'vyāhṛta' means 'uttered'.

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+vyāhṛta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• vyāhṛta – uttered, spoken, expressed
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi-ā + √hṛ + -ta.
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: √hṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vyājāhāra'.

व्याजाहार (vyājāhāra) - he uttered, he spoke (he spoke, he uttered, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vyājāhṛ

Perfect Active

From prefixes vi-ā + root √hṛ (to carry, to bring) in the sense of 'uttering'. 3rd person singular perfect active.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: √hṛ (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'Satyavān'.

सत्यवान् (satyavān) - Satyavat (the son of Dyumatsena) (Satyavat (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavat

satyavat - Satyavat (proper name, 'having truth')

Compound satya (truth) + vat (possessive suffix)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (satya+vat)

• satya – truth, reality
  noun (neuter)
  From sat (being, true)
• vat – possessive suffix 'having'
  suffix
  Suffix indicating possession, forms adjectives.

Note: Subject of 'vyājāhāra'.

इति (iti) - thus, that (introducing a statement) (thus, in this manner, indicates direct speech)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Connects Satyavat's action with 'naḥ śrutam'.

नः (naḥ) - by us (by us (instrumental), to us (dative), our (genitive))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

1st person plural pronoun.

Note: Agent of 'śrutam' (heard).

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - it has been heard (heard, revealed, traditional knowledge)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, revealed, traditional

Past Passive Participle

From root √śru (to hear) + suffix -ta.

Root: √śru (class 5)

Note: Predicate.

वधाय (vadhāya) - for killing, for slaughter (for killing, for striking, for slaughter)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaughter, destruction, striking

From root √vadh (to strike, to kill)

Root: √vadh (class 1)

Note: Purpose of 'nīyamāneṣu'.

नीयमानेषु (nīyamāneṣu) - when (people) were being led (among those being led, in the case of those being led)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of nīyamāna

nīyamāna - being led, being carried, being guided

Present Passive Participle

From root √nī (to lead) + suffix -yamāna.

Root: √nī (class 1)

Note: Used substantively (e.g., 'among those who were being led').

पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (of the father, from the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

`ṛ`-stem noun.

Note: Modifies 'anuśāsanāt'.

एव (eva) - solely, only (indeed, only, just, even)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

अनुशासनात् (anuśāsanāt) - by his command, from his instruction (from instruction, by command, by teaching)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of anuśāsana

anuśāsana - instruction, command, teaching, discipline

From prefix anu + root √śās (to command, to teach) + suffix -ana.

Prefix: anu

Root: √śās (class 2)

Note: The instruction or command from the father.