महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-259, verse-20

आसीदादानदण्डोऽपि वधदण्डोऽद्य वर्तते ।
वधेनापि न शक्यन्ते नियन्तुमपरे जनाः ॥२०॥

20. āsīdādānadaṇḍo'pi vadhadaṇḍo'dya vartate ,
vadhenāpi na śakyante niyantumapare janāḥ.

20. āsīt ādānadaṇḍaḥ api vadhadaṇḍaḥ adya vartate
vadhena api na śakyante niyantum apare janāḥ

20. ādānadaṇḍaḥ api āsīt adya vadhadaṇḍaḥ vartate
vadhena api apare janāḥ niyantum na śakyante

20. While formerly the punishment was merely a fine or confiscation, today it has become the death penalty. Nevertheless, even by means of execution, other people cannot be controlled.

Words meanings summery:

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• आदानदण्डः (ādānadaṇḍaḥ) - punishment by confiscation, fine of taking

• अपि (api) - even, also, though

• वधदण्डः (vadhadaṇḍaḥ) - death penalty, punishment by killing

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• वर्तते (vartate) - exists, is present (exists, is present, turns, happens)

• वधेन (vadhena) - by killing, by execution

• अपि (api) - even, also, though

• न (na) - not, no

• शक्यन्ते (śakyante) - are able, can be

• नियन्तुम् (niyantum) - to control, to restrain

• अपरे (apare) - other (other, subsequent)

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

Words meanings and morphology

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect

3rd person singular, Paras. from root as (class 2)

Root: as (class 2)

आदानदण्डः (ādānadaṇḍaḥ) - punishment by confiscation, fine of taking

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādānadaṇḍa

ādānadaṇḍa - punishment consisting of confiscation or fine

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (ādāna+daṇḍa)

• ādāna – taking, receiving, seizure, confiscation
  noun (neuter)
  from ā-dā (to take)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dā (class 3)
• daṇḍa – stick, staff, rod, punishment, penalty, fine
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound word meaning 'punishment by confiscation'.

अपि (api) - even, also, though

(indeclinable)

वधदण्डः (vadhadaṇḍaḥ) - death penalty, punishment by killing

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhadaṇḍa

vadhadaṇḍa - punishment by death, death penalty

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (vadha+daṇḍa)

• vadha – killing, slaying, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  from root han (to strike, kill, class 2)
  Root: han (class 2)
• daṇḍa – stick, staff, rod, punishment, penalty, fine
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound word meaning 'punishment of death'.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

वर्तते (vartate) - exists, is present (exists, is present, turns, happens)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present

3rd person singular, Ātmanepada from root vṛt (class 1)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

वधेन (vadhena) - by killing, by execution

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, striking, destruction

from root han (to strike, kill, class 2)

Root: han (class 2)

अपि (api) - even, also, though

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शक्यन्ते (śakyante) - are able, can be

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of śak

Present Passive

3rd person plural, Ātmanepada, Passive voice of śak (class 5)

Root: śak (class 5)

नियन्तुम् (niyantum) - to control, to restrain

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

from ni-yam (class 1)

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

अपरे (apare) - other (other, subsequent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, posterior, subsequent

Note: Agrees with janāḥ.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of śakyante.