महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-210, verse-31

ज्ञात्वात्मस्थं हरिं चैव निवर्तन्ते न तेऽव्ययाः ।
प्राप्य तत्परमं स्थानं मोदन्तेऽक्षरमव्ययम् ॥३१॥

31. jñātvātmasthaṁ hariṁ caiva nivartante na te'vyayāḥ ,
prāpya tatparamaṁ sthānaṁ modante'kṣaramavyayam.

31. jñātvā ātmastham harim ca eva nivartante na te avyayāḥ
prāpya tat paramam sthānam modante akṣaram avyayam

31. ātmastham harim jñātvā te avyayāḥ ca eva na nivartante
tat paramam akṣaram avyayam sthānam prāpya modante

31. Having known Hari (Viṣṇu) who resides in the self (ātman), they, being imperishable, indeed do not return. Having attained that supreme, imperishable, and undecaying abode, they rejoice.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, understanding

• आत्मस्थम् (ātmastham) - abiding in the self (ātman), situated in the soul

• हरिम् (harim) - Hari (Viṣṇu)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they return, they turn back

• न (na) - not, no

• ते (te) - they

• अव्ययाः (avyayāḥ) - undecaying, imperishable, immutable

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained, having reached

• तत् (tat) - that

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• स्थानम् (sthānam) - abode, state, place, position

• मोदन्ते (modante) - they rejoice, they are happy

• अक्षरम् (akṣaram) - imperishable (imperishable, immutable, syllable)

• अव्ययम् (avyayam) - undecaying, imperishable

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, understanding

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root `jñā` (ज्ञै), 9th class, with `tvā` suffix.

Root: jñā (class 9)

आत्मस्थम् (ātmastham) - abiding in the self (ātman), situated in the soul

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātmastha

ātmastha - abiding in the self, inherent in the soul

Tatpuruṣa compound (ātman + stha)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+stha)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual soul (ātman), Brahman
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an
• stha – standing, staying, abiding, situated in
  adjective
  From root `sthā` (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `harim`.

हरिम् (harim) - Hari (Viṣṇu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hari

hari - Hari (a name of Viṣṇu or Kṛṣṇa), yellow, tawny, lion

Root: hṛ

Note: Object of `jñātvā`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they return, they turn back

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of nivṛt

Root `vṛt` (वृत्), 1st class, Atmanepada, with prefix `ni`.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negation particle

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative/personal pronoun)

Note: Subject of `nivartante`.

अव्ययाः (avyayāḥ) - undecaying, imperishable, immutable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avyaya

avyaya - undecaying, imperishable, immutable, an indeclinable word

A (negation) + vyaya (decay, expenditure)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyaya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negating prefix
• vyaya – decay, loss, expenditure, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  From root `ī` with prefix `vi`
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ī

Note: Qualifies `te`.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root `āp` (आप), 5th class, with prefix `pra`, and `ya` suffix (for compounded absolutives).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, other, distant

Note: Qualifies `sthānam`.

स्थानम् (sthānam) - abode, state, place, position

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, abode, position, state, situation

From root `sthā` (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

मोदन्ते (modante) - they rejoice, they are happy

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of mud

Root `mud` (मुद्), 1st class, Atmanepada.

Root: mud (class 1)

अक्षरम् (akṣaram) - imperishable (imperishable, immutable, syllable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akṣara

akṣara - imperishable, undecaying, immutable, syllable, letter, Brahman

A (negation) + kṣara (perishable)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣara)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negating prefix
• kṣara – perishable, decaying, flowing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `kṣar` (to flow, decay)
  Root: kṣar (class 1)

अव्ययम् (avyayam) - undecaying, imperishable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avyaya

avyaya - undecaying, imperishable, immutable, an indeclinable word

A (negation) + vyaya (decay, expenditure)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyaya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negating prefix
• vyaya – decay, loss, expenditure, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  From root `ī` with prefix `vi`
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ī

Note: Qualifies `sthānam`.