महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-210, verse-10

प्रकृतेश्च विकाराणां द्रष्टारमगुणान्वितम् ।
अग्राह्यौ पुरुषावेतावलिङ्गत्वादसंहितौ ॥१०॥

10. prakṛteśca vikārāṇāṁ draṣṭāramaguṇānvitam ,
agrāhyau puruṣāvetāvaliṅgatvādasaṁhitau.

10. prakṛteḥ ca vikārāṇām draṣṭāram aguṇānvitam
| agrāhyau puruṣau etau aliṅgatvāt asaṃhitau

10. etau puruṣau prakṛteḥ ca vikārāṇām draṣṭāram aguṇānvitam
(sthaḥ) aliṅgatvāt asaṃhitau (sthaḥ) agrāhyau (ca sthaḥ)

10. These two cosmic persons (puruṣa) are (understood as) the seer of nature (prakṛti) and its modifications; they are devoid of qualities (guṇas), imperceptible, and unassociated, due to their lack of distinctive characteristics.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रकृतेः (prakṛteḥ) - of the primordial nature (prakṛti) (of nature, of the intrinsic nature)

• च (ca) - and, also

• विकाराणाम् (vikārāṇām) - of the modifications, of the transformations

• द्रष्टारम् (draṣṭāram) - refers to the role of the puruṣa as the observer, here syntactically in the accusative singular (the seer, the perceiver, the witness)

• अगुणान्वितम् (aguṇānvitam) - devoid of the three guṇas (devoid of qualities, not connected with qualities)

• अग्राह्यौ (agrāhyau) - imperceptible, ungraspable, not to be seized

• पुरुषौ (puruṣau) - referring to two distinct but related conscious entities or aspects of the cosmic person (puruṣa) (two cosmic persons, two souls)

• एतौ (etau) - these two

• अलिङ्गत्वात् (aliṅgatvāt) - due to their subtle nature, lacking specific identifying qualities or 'liṅgas' (because of being without distinctive marks/characteristics)

• असंहितौ (asaṁhitau) - unconnected, unassociated, not joined

Words meanings and morphology

प्रकृतेः (prakṛteḥ) - of the primordial nature (prakṛti) (of nature, of the intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - original or primary substance, nature (prakṛti), natural constitution, material cause

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विकाराणाम् (vikārāṇām) - of the modifications, of the transformations

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vikāra

vikāra - change, modification, transformation, product, alteration

द्रष्टारम् (draṣṭāram) - refers to the role of the puruṣa as the observer, here syntactically in the accusative singular (the seer, the perceiver, the witness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, observer, witness, perceiver

Agent Noun

Derived from the root dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Although referring to the dual subject 'puruṣau', this form is accusative singular, possibly used predicatively or due to poetic license.

अगुणान्वितम् (aguṇānvitam) - devoid of the three guṇas (devoid of qualities, not connected with qualities)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aguṇānvita

aguṇānvita - not possessing qualities (guṇas), devoid of qualities, unconnected with attributes

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (a+guṇa+anvita)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• guṇa – quality, attribute, constituent of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas)
  noun (masculine)
• anvita – connected with, accompanied by, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from anu-√i (to go after).
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Similar to 'draṣṭāram', this accusative singular form refers to the dual subject 'puruṣau', possibly used predicatively.

अग्राह्यौ (agrāhyau) - imperceptible, ungraspable, not to be seized

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of agrāhya

agrāhya - not to be grasped, imperceptible, unintelligible, incomprehensible

Gerundive / Potential Passive Participle (negative)

Derived from a-√grah (to grasp, perceive) + ya suffix.

Prefix: a

Root: grah (class 9)

पुरुषौ (puruṣau) - referring to two distinct but related conscious entities or aspects of the cosmic person (puruṣa) (two cosmic persons, two souls)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, cosmic person (puruṣa), spirit, soul

एतौ (etau) - these two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of etad

etad - this, that

अलिङ्गत्वात् (aliṅgatvāt) - due to their subtle nature, lacking specific identifying qualities or 'liṅgas' (because of being without distinctive marks/characteristics)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of aliṅgatva

aliṅgatva - state of being without characteristic marks, marklessness, lack of distinctive sign

Abstract noun formed from 'aliṅga' (without marks) + '-tva' suffix.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (a+liṅga+tva)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• liṅga – mark, sign, characteristic, symbol, gender
  noun (neuter)
• tva – suffix forming abstract nouns (e.g., -ness, -hood)
  indeclinable

Note: Ablative case indicating cause.

असंहितौ (asaṁhitau) - unconnected, unassociated, not joined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of asaṃhita

asaṁhita - not joined, unconnected, not put together, dissociated

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Derived from a-sam-√dhā (to place, put, join).

Prefixes: a+sam

Root: dhā (class 3)