महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-210, verse-24

यथागमं च तत्सर्वं बुद्ध्या तन्नैव बुध्यते ।
देहान्तं कश्चिदन्वास्ते भावितात्मा निराश्रयः ।
युक्तो धारणया कश्चित्सत्तां केचिदुपासते ॥२४॥

24. yathāgamaṁ ca tatsarvaṁ buddhyā tannaiva budhyate ,
dehāntaṁ kaścidanvāste bhāvitātmā nirāśrayaḥ ,
yukto dhāraṇayā kaścitsattāṁ kecidupāsate.

24. yathāgamam ca tat sarvam buddhyā tat
na eva budhyate dehāntam kaścit
anvāste bhāvitātmā nirāśrayaḥ yuktaḥ
dhāraṇayā kaścit sattām kecit upāsate

24. tat sarvam ca yathāgamam buddhyā na
eva budhyate kaścit bhāvitātmā
nirāśrayaḥ dehāntam anvāste kaścit
yuktaḥ dhāraṇayā kecit sattām upāsate

24. All of that, as taught in the scriptures, is not truly comprehended by the intellect. Some cultivated selves (ātman), without external support, abide until the end of the body. Another person is absorbed through concentration, while still others worship (the concept of) existence.

Words meanings summery:

• यथागमम् (yathāgamam) - according to the revealed texts (according to tradition/scripture)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the entirety of knowledge or reality) (that, it)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of it, the entirety (all, whole, entire)

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by the intellect (by the intellect, by understanding)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring back to 'tat sarvam') (that, it)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• एव (eva) - truly, indeed (indeed, only, just)

• बुध्यते (budhyate) - is understood/comprehended (is understood, knows)

• देहान्तम् (dehāntam) - until the end of the body (i.e., death) (till the end of the body, death)

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone (a certain type of person) (someone, anyone)

• अन्वास्ते (anvāste) - abides, remains steadfast (sits near, abides, remains steadfast)

• भावितात्मा (bhāvitātmā) - one whose self (ātman) is cultivated (one whose self is cultivated)

• निराश्रयः (nirāśrayaḥ) - relying on nothing external, without external support (without support, independent, self-sufficient)

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - absorbed, focused (joined, engaged, absorbed, yoked, endowed with)

• धारणया (dhāraṇayā) - through concentration (by concentration, by holding)

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - another person (someone, anyone)

• सत्ताम् (sattām) - (the concept of) existence (existence, being, reality)

• केचित् (kecit) - some others (some (people), certain ones)

• उपासते (upāsate) - worship, contemplate (worship, serve, honor, approach)

Words meanings and morphology

यथागमम् (yathāgamam) - according to the revealed texts (according to tradition/scripture)

(indeclinable)

Compound of yathā (as, according to) and āgama (tradition, scripture). It functions as an adverbial compound (avyayībhāva).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+āgama)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• āgama – tradition, scripture, sacred text, coming, arrival
  noun (masculine)
  From ā + gam (to go) + a (suffix)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverb.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the entirety of knowledge or reality) (that, it)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: In this context, functions as accusative singular neuter, referring to 'all of that'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of it, the entirety (all, whole, entire)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with tat (neuter singular).

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by the intellect (by the intellect, by understanding)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, reason

From root budh (to know)

Root: budh (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (referring back to 'tat sarvam') (that, it)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Functions as the direct object of budhyate.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation

एव (eva) - truly, indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Particle for emphasis

बुध्यते (budhyate) - is understood/comprehended (is understood, knows)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle/passive, present (laṭ) of budh

Present Middle

Root budh (class 4). Here used in passive sense or middle voice, meaning 'is understood' or 'perceives'.

Root: budh (class 4)

देहान्तम् (dehāntam) - until the end of the body (i.e., death) (till the end of the body, death)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dehānta

dehānta - end of the body, death

Tatpuruṣa compound: deha (body) + anta (end).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deha+anta)

• deha – body, form
  noun (masculine)
• anta – end, limit, destruction
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial accusative, indicating 'until'.

कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone (a certain type of person) (someone, anyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, anyone, a certain one

Indefinite pronoun, ka (who) + cit (emphatic particle).

Note: Refers to 'someone' in general.

अन्वास्ते (anvāste) - abides, remains steadfast (sits near, abides, remains steadfast)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ās

Present Middle

From root ās (to sit) with upasarga anu.

Prefix: anu

Root: ās (class 2)

भावितात्मा (bhāvitātmā) - one whose self (ātman) is cultivated (one whose self is cultivated)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāvitātman

bhāvitātman - one whose self is developed/cultivated/refined

Bahuvrīhi compound: bhāvita (cultivated, perfected - PPP of bhū) + ātman (self, soul).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhāvita+ātman)

• bhāvita – cultivated, developed, caused to be, manifested
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From causative root bhāvay (to cause to be, to cultivate), derived from bhū (to be).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, life breath
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the subject (kaścit).

निराश्रयः (nirāśrayaḥ) - relying on nothing external, without external support (without support, independent, self-sufficient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirāśraya

nirāśraya - without support, independent, homeless

Bahuvrīhi compound: nir (without) + āśraya (support, refuge).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āśraya)

• nis – without, out, negation
  indeclinable
  Often appears as nir before vowels/soft consonants, or niṣ or niś.
• āśraya – support, refuge, resort, dwelling, dependence
  noun (masculine)
  From ā + śrī (to resort to, to lean upon) + a (suffix).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śrī (class 1)

Note: Qualifies kaścit and bhāvitātmā.

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - absorbed, focused (joined, engaged, absorbed, yoked, endowed with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, united, yoked, engaged, intent on, endowed with, proper

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to join, to yoke, to connect).

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies kaścit.

धारणया (dhāraṇayā) - through concentration (by concentration, by holding)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dhāraṇā

dhāraṇā - concentration, steadying of the mind, holding, retention, support

From root dhṛ (to hold, support) + suffix ana + ā.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means by which someone is yuktaḥ.

कश्चित् (kaścit) - another person (someone, anyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, anyone, a certain one

Indefinite pronoun, ka (who) + cit (emphatic particle).

Note: Refers to 'someone' distinct from the previous kaścit.

सत्ताम् (sattām) - (the concept of) existence (existence, being, reality)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sattā

sattā - existence, being, reality, essence

From root as (to be) + suffix tā.

Root: as (class 2)

केचित् (kecit) - some others (some (people), certain ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kecid

kecid - some, certain ones, a few

Indefinite pronoun, ke (who, plural) + cit (emphatic particle).

Note: Refers to 'some' distinct from kaścit.

उपासते (upāsate) - worship, contemplate (worship, serve, honor, approach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of upās

Present Middle

From root ās (to sit) with upasarga upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)