महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-205, verse-17

सत्त्वेन रजसा चैव तमसा चैव मोहिताः ।
चक्रवत्परिवर्तन्ते ह्यज्ञानाज्जन्तवो भृशम् ॥१७॥

17. sattvena rajasā caiva tamasā caiva mohitāḥ ,
cakravatparivartante hyajñānājjantavo bhṛśam.

17. sattvena rajasā ca eva tamasā ca eva mohitāḥ |
cakravat parivartante hi ajñānāt jantavaḥ bhṛśam

17. jantavaḥ sattvena rajasā ca eva tamasā ca eva
ajñānāt mohitāḥ hi bhṛśam cakravat parivartante

17. Living beings, greatly deluded by the qualities of goodness (sattva), passion (rajas), and inertia (tamas), revolve repeatedly like a wheel due to ignorance.

Words meanings summery:

• सत्त्वेन (sattvena) - by goodness, by purity, by the quality of sattva

• रजसा (rajasā) - by passion, by activity, by the quality of rajas

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness, by inertia, by the quality of tamas

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• मोहिताः (mohitāḥ) - deluded, bewildered, confused

• चक्रवत् (cakravat) - like a wheel, wheel-like

• परिवर्तन्ते (parivartante) - they revolve, they turn around, they rotate

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance, due to ignorance

• जन्तवः (jantavaḥ) - living beings, creatures

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, intensely

Words meanings and morphology

सत्त्वेन (sattvena) - by goodness, by purity, by the quality of sattva

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - goodness, purity, essence, reality, existence, the quality of sattva

रजसा (rajasā) - by passion, by activity, by the quality of rajas

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - passion, activity, dust, impurity, the quality of rajas

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness, by inertia, by the quality of tamas

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, inertia, ignorance, the quality of tamas

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

मोहिताः (mohitāḥ) - deluded, bewildered, confused

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mohita

mohita - deluded, bewildered, confused

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √muh (to be bewildered, to faint) + -ita suffix

Root: muh (class 4)

चक्रवत् (cakravat) - like a wheel, wheel-like

(indeclinable)

From cakra (wheel) + -vat (like, having)

परिवर्तन्ते (parivartante) - they revolve, they turn around, they rotate

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of parivart

Present tense, 3rd person plural

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The root is √vṛt (to turn) with upasarga pari.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance, due to ignorance

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience, lack of knowledge

Negation of jñāna (knowledge) with 'a-' prefix

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From root √jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

जन्तवः (jantavaḥ) - living beings, creatures

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jantu

jantu - living being, creature, man, animal

From root √jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, intensely

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.