महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-11, verse-30

शिबिरात्स्वाद्गृहीत्वा स रथस्य पदमच्युतः ।
द्रोणपुत्ररथस्याशु ययौ मार्गेण वीर्यवान् ॥३०॥

30. śibirātsvādgṛhītvā sa rathasya padamacyutaḥ ,
droṇaputrarathasyāśu yayau mārgeṇa vīryavān.

30. śibirāt svāt gṛhītvā saḥ rathasya padam acyutaḥ
droṇaputrarathasya āśu yayau mārgeṇa vīryavān

30. From his own camp, that powerful and unwavering (acyuta) one, taking the track of Dronaputra's chariot, swiftly followed its path.

Words meanings summery:

• शिबिरात् (śibirāt) - from the camp, from the encampment

• स्वात् (svāt) - from his own, from self

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, seizing, grasping

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Krishna (acyuta) (he, that)

• रथस्य (rathasya) - of the chariot

• पदम् (padam) - track or path (track, footprint, step, word, place)

• अच्युतः (acyutaḥ) - Refers to Krishna, who is the speaker's charioteer. (the unwavering, the imperishable, Vishnu/Krishna)

• द्रोणपुत्ररथस्य (droṇaputrarathasya) - of the chariot of Drona's son

• आशु (āśu) - swiftly, quickly, immediately

• ययौ (yayau) - he went, he proceeded

• मार्गेण (mārgeṇa) - by the path, by the way

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, heroic

Words meanings and morphology

शिबिरात् (śibirāt) - from the camp, from the encampment

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śibira

śibira - camp, encampment

स्वात् (svāt) - from his own, from self

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

Note: Refers to 'his own camp'.

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, seizing, grasping

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √gṛh (गृह्) with suffix -tvā

Root: gṛh (class 9)

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Krishna (acyuta) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रथस्य (rathasya) - of the chariot

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Modifies 'padam'.

पदम् (padam) - track or path (track, footprint, step, word, place)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - foot, step, trace, track, word, place

अच्युतः (acyutaḥ) - Refers to Krishna, who is the speaker's charioteer. (the unwavering, the imperishable, Vishnu/Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of acyuta

acyuta - unfallen, unwavering, imperishable, Vishnu

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Derived from prefix 'a-' (negation) + root √cyu (च्यु) 'to move, fall' + suffix -ta

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cyuta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• cyuta – fallen, moved, departed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √cyu (च्यु) 'to move, fall' + suffix -ta
  Root: cyu (class 1)

द्रोणपुत्ररथस्य (droṇaputrarathasya) - of the chariot of Drona's son

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of droṇaputraratha

droṇaputraratha - chariot of Drona's son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇaputra+ratha)

• droṇaputra – son of Drona
  proper noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'padam' (implied: 'the track *of* the chariot *of* Drona's son').

आशु (āśu) - swiftly, quickly, immediately

(indeclinable)

ययौ (yayau) - he went, he proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Tense

√gam, perfect 3rd singular

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to acyuta (Krishna).

मार्गेण (mārgeṇa) - by the path, by the way

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way

Note: Refers to following the path.

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, heroic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valorous, heroic

Derived from vīrya (valor) + -vat (possessive suffix)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' (Krishna).