महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-212, verse-2

वासुदेवाभ्यनुज्ञातः कथयित्वेतिकृत्यताम् ।
कृष्णस्य मतमाज्ञाय प्रययौ भरतर्षभः ॥२॥

2. vāsudevābhyanujñātaḥ kathayitvetikṛtyatām ,
kṛṣṇasya matamājñāya prayayau bharatarṣabhaḥ.

2. vāsudevābhyanujñātaḥ kathayitvā itikṛtyatām
kṛṣṇasya matam ājñāya prayayau bharatarṣabhaḥ

2. Having been permitted by Vāsudeva (Krishna), and having stated what was to be done, the best among the Bharatas (Arjuna), understanding Krishna's intention, departed.

Words meanings summery:

• वासुदेवाभ्यनुज्ञातः (vāsudevābhyanujñātaḥ) - Arjuna, having received permission from Krishna. (permitted by Vāsudeva)

• कथयित्वा (kathayitvā) - Arjuna, having explained the course of action. (having told, having narrated, having explained)

• इतिकृत्यताम् (itikṛtyatām) - The specific plan or duty that Arjuna had to perform. (proper course of action, duty, what should be done)

• कृष्णस्य (kṛṣṇasya) - of Krishna

• मतम् (matam) - Krishna's specific advice or plan regarding Subhadra. (opinion, view, intention)

• आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - Arjuna, having fully understood Krishna's mind. (having known, having understood)

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - Arjuna departed. (departed, went forth)

• भरतर्षभः (bharatarṣabhaḥ) - Arjuna, an eminent descendant of Bharata. (chief of the Bharatas, best among Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

वासुदेवाभ्यनुज्ञातः (vāsudevābhyanujñātaḥ) - Arjuna, having received permission from Krishna. (permitted by Vāsudeva)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudevābhyanujñāta

vāsudevābhyanujñāta - permitted by Vāsudeva, assented to by Vāsudeva

Past Passive Participle

Compound adjective. 'Abhyanujñāta' is the PPP of root jñā with prefixes abhi and anu. It means 'permitted'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (vāsudeva+abhyanujñāta)

• vāsudeva – son of Vasudeva, Krishna
  proper noun (masculine)
• abhyanujñāta – permitted, assented to
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root jñā (to know, permit) with prefixes abhi and anu, and suffix -ta.
  Prefixes: abhi+anu
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agreeing with 'bharatarṣabhaḥ' (Arjuna).

कथयित्वा (kathayitvā) - Arjuna, having explained the course of action. (having told, having narrated, having explained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the causative stem of root kath (to tell, to speak) with suffix -tvā.

Root: kath (class 10)

इतिकृत्यताम् (itikṛtyatām) - The specific plan or duty that Arjuna had to perform. (proper course of action, duty, what should be done)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of itikṛtyatā

itikṛtyatā - proper course of action, duty, what should be done

Compound type : tatpurusha (iti+kṛtyatā)

• iti – thus, in this manner, so called
  indeclinable
• kṛtyatā – duty, obligation, fitness to be done
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from kṛtya (gerundive) + tā (suffix for abstract noun).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

कृष्णस्य (kṛṣṇasya) - of Krishna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Krishna (name of a deity); dark, black

मतम् (matam) - Krishna's specific advice or plan regarding Subhadra. (opinion, view, intention)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mata

mata - opinion, view, intention, thought, idea

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root man (to think) with suffix -ta, used as a noun.

Root: man (class 4)

आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - Arjuna, having fully understood Krishna's mind. (having known, having understood)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root jñā (to know) with prefix ā, and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

प्रययौ (prayayau) - Arjuna departed. (departed, went forth)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pra-i

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

भरतर्षभः (bharatarṣabhaḥ) - Arjuna, an eminent descendant of Bharata. (chief of the Bharatas, best among Bharatas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - chief of the Bharatas, best among the Bharatas (an epithet)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – Bharata (name of an ancient king, ancestor of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull; chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)