महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-212, verse-19

रथेष्वानीयमानेषु कवचेषु ध्वजेषु च ।
अभिक्रन्दे नृवीराणां तदासीत्संकुलं महत् ॥१९॥

19. ratheṣvānīyamāneṣu kavaceṣu dhvajeṣu ca ,
abhikrande nṛvīrāṇāṁ tadāsītsaṁkulaṁ mahat.

19. ratheṣu ānīyamāneṣu kavaceṣu dhvajeṣu ca
abhikrande nṛvīrāṇām tadā āsīt saṅkulam mahat

19. As the chariots, armors, and banners were being brought forth, there was then a great clamor and tumult among the heroic men.

Words meanings summery:

• रथेषु (ratheṣu) - in/on the chariots

• आनीयमानेषु (ānīyamāneṣu) - being brought, being led

• कवचेषु (kavaceṣu) - in/on the armors

• ध्वजेषु (dhvajeṣu) - in/on the banners, standards

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभिक्रन्दे (abhikrande) - in the clamor, in the outcry, in the roar

• नृवीराणाम् (nṛvīrāṇām) - of the heroic men, of the brave warriors

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• आसीत् (āsīt) - there was, it existed

• सङ्कुलम् (saṅkulam) - throng, tumult, commotion, crowd

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

Words meanings and morphology

रथेषु (ratheṣu) - in/on the chariots

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: Locative absolute construction with 'ānīyamāneṣu'.

आनीयमानेषु (ānīyamāneṣu) - being brought, being led

(participle)

Locative, masculine, plural of ānīyamāna

ānīyamāna - being brought, being led

Present Passive Participle

Present passive participle of √nī with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: √nī (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

कवचेषु (kavaceṣu) - in/on the armors

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of kavaca

kavaca - armor, cuirass, mail

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction implicitly.

ध्वजेषु (dhvajeṣu) - in/on the banners, standards

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard, ensign

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction implicitly.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अभिक्रन्दे (abhikrande) - in the clamor, in the outcry, in the roar

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of abhikranda

abhikranda - outcry, roar, clamor, shout

From abhi-√krand (to cry out, roar at).

Prefix: abhi

Root: √krand (class 1)

नृवीराणाम् (nṛvīrāṇām) - of the heroic men, of the brave warriors

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛvīra

nṛvīra - heroic man, brave warrior

Tatpurusha compound: 'nṛ' (man) + 'vīra' (hero).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+vīra)

• nṛ – man, male, human
  noun (masculine)
• vīra – hero, brave man, warrior
  noun (masculine)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem 'tad' with the ablative suffix 'tas'.

आसीत् (āsīt) - there was, it existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √as

Imperfect

Third person singular, Imperfect tense, Parasmaipada.

Root: √as (class 2)

सङ्कुलम् (saṅkulam) - throng, tumult, commotion, crowd

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṅkula

saṅkula - crowded, filled, throng, tumult, disorder, confusion

From sam-√kul (to crowd together).

Prefix: sam

Root: √kul (class 10)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'āsīt'.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

From √mah (to be great).

Root: √mah (class 1)