महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-192, verse-5

ब्रह्मरूपधराञ्श्रुत्वा पाण्डुराजसुतांस्तदा ।
कौन्तेयान्मनुजेन्द्राणां विस्मयः समजायत ॥५॥

5. brahmarūpadharāñśrutvā pāṇḍurājasutāṁstadā ,
kaunteyānmanujendrāṇāṁ vismayaḥ samajāyata.

5. brahmarūpadharān śrutvā pāṇḍurājasutān tadā
kaunteyān manujendrāṇām vismayaḥ samajāyata

5. When the kings heard that the sons of King Pāṇḍu, the Kaunteyas, had assumed the forms of Brahmins, great astonishment arose among them.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मरूपधरान् (brahmarūpadharān) - the Pāṇḍavas who had assumed the form of Brahmins (those who had assumed the form of Brahmins, wearing the form of Brahman)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• पाण्डुराजसुतान् (pāṇḍurājasutān) - the Pāṇḍavas, sons of King Pāṇḍu (the sons of King Pāṇḍu)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• कौन्तेयान् (kaunteyān) - the Pāṇḍavas, sons of Kuntī (the sons of Kuntī, the Kaunteyas)

• मनुजेन्द्राणाम् (manujendrāṇām) - among the kings, of the best of men

• विस्मयः (vismayaḥ) - astonishment, wonder, surprise

• समजायत (samajāyata) - arose, was born, happened

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मरूपधरान् (brahmarūpadharān) - the Pāṇḍavas who had assumed the form of Brahmins (those who had assumed the form of Brahmins, wearing the form of Brahman)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of brahmarūpadhara

brahmarūpadhara - assuming the form of a brahmin, bearing the form of Brahman

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+rūpa+dhara)

• brahman – Brahmin (brahman), the ultimate reality (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rūp (class 10)
• dhara – bearing, holding, wearing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root DHṚ (to hold) with suffix -a
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍurājasutān' and 'kaunteyān'

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root ŚRU with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

पाण्डुराजसुतान् (pāṇḍurājasutān) - the Pāṇḍavas, sons of King Pāṇḍu (the sons of King Pāṇḍu)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍurājasuta

pāṇḍurājasuta - son of King Pāṇḍu

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍurāja+suta)

• pāṇḍurāja – King Pāṇḍu
  proper noun (masculine)
  Compound of Pāṇḍu (proper name) and rāja (king)
• suta – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle of SU (to procreate)
  From root SŪ (to procreate) with suffix -ta
  Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal stem tad

कौन्तेयान् (kaunteyān) - the Pāṇḍavas, sons of Kuntī (the sons of Kuntī, the Kaunteyas)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī

Patronymic from Kuntī

Note: Appositional to 'pāṇḍurājasutān'

मनुजेन्द्राणाम् (manujendrāṇām) - among the kings, of the best of men

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of manujendra

manujendra - king, lord of men, best of men

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (manuja+indra)

• manuja – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  From manu (man) + ja (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• indra – chief, best, lord
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ind (class 1)

Note: Indicates the group among whom astonishment arose

विस्मयः (vismayaḥ) - astonishment, wonder, surprise

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vismaya

vismaya - astonishment, wonder, surprise

From root MI (to wonder, be surprised) with prefix VI- and SAM-

Prefixes: vi+sam

Root: mi (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'samajāyata'

समजायत (samajāyata) - arose, was born, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of jan

Past Imperfect 3rd singular middle

From root JAN (to be born) with prefix SAM-

Prefix: sam

Root: jan (class 4)