महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-192, verse-3

यः शल्यं मद्रराजानमुत्क्षिप्याभ्रामयद्बली ।
त्रासयंश्चापि संक्रुद्धो वृक्षेण पुरुषान्रणे ॥३॥

3. yaḥ śalyaṁ madrarājānamutkṣipyābhrāmayadbalī ,
trāsayaṁścāpi saṁkruddho vṛkṣeṇa puruṣānraṇe.

3. yaḥ śalyam madrarājānam utkṣipya abhrāmayat balī
trāsayat ca api saṃkruddhaḥ vṛkṣeṇa puruṣān raṇe

3. Who, being strong, lifted Śalya, the King of Madra, and swung him around; and who, greatly enraged, also terrified men (puruṣa) in battle with a tree.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• शल्यम् (śalyam) - proper name (Śalya)

• मद्रराजानम् (madrarājānam) - King of Madra

• उत्क्षिप्य (utkṣipya) - having lifted, having picked up

• अभ्रामयत् (abhrāmayat) - made to whirl, swung around

• बली (balī) - strong one, powerful one

• त्रासयत् (trāsayat) - causing terror, frightening

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged, furious

• वृक्षेण (vṛkṣeṇa) - with a tree, by means of a tree

• पुरुषान् (puruṣān) - men, people

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yat

yat - who, which, what

शल्यम् (śalyam) - proper name (Śalya)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of a king), spear, dart

मद्रराजानम् (madrarājānam) - King of Madra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madrarājan

madrarājan - King of Madra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rājan)

• madra – Madra (name of a country)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

उत्क्षिप्य (utkṣipya) - having lifted, having picked up

(indeclinable)

Gerund, absolutive

gerund (absolutive) of root kṣip with prefix ut

Prefix: ut

Root: kṣip (class 6)

अभ्रामयत् (abhrāmayat) - made to whirl, swung around

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of bhrāmay

Causative

causative of root bhram with 'a' (augment) for imperfect

Root: bhram (class 1)

बली (balī) - strong one, powerful one

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful

suffix -in applied to bala

त्रासयत् (trāsayat) - causing terror, frightening

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trāsayat

trāsayat - causing terror, frightening

Present Active Participle (Causative)

present active participle of causative of root tras

Root: tras (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged, furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - greatly enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

past passive participle of root krudh with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

वृक्षेण (vṛkṣeṇa) - with a tree, by means of a tree

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree

पुरुषान् (puruṣān) - men, people

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, cosmic person

Root: pṛ (class 3)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)