महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-192, verse-24

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तं तथा भाषमाणं तु विदुरः प्रत्यभाषत ।
नित्यं भवतु ते बुद्धिरेषा राजञ्शतं समाः ॥२४॥

24. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
taṁ tathā bhāṣamāṇaṁ tu viduraḥ pratyabhāṣata ,
nityaṁ bhavatu te buddhireṣā rājañśataṁ samāḥ.

24. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tam tathā bhāṣamāṇam tu viduraḥ
pratyabhāṣata nityam bhavatu te buddhiḥ eṣā rājan śatam samāḥ

24. Vaiśampāyana said: "But Vidura replied to him who was speaking thus: 'May this intellect of yours, O King, remain constant for a hundred years.'"

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of the Mahābhārata. (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तम् (tam) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who Vidura was addressing. (him, that)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

• भाषमाणम् (bhāṣamāṇam) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who Vidura was addressing. (speaking, conversing)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura, the half-brother of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and a wise counsellor. (Vidura)

• प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - replied, spoke in return

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always

• भवतु (bhavatu) - may it be, let it be

• ते (te) - Of yours (referring to the king). (to you, of yours)

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding, wisdom

• एषा (eṣā) - This (specific) intellect. (this)

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O king)

• शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

• समाः (samāḥ) - years, seasons

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of the Mahābhārata. (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

Root vac (2nd class, Parasmaipada), perfect tense form.

Root: vac (class 2)

तम् (tam) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who Vidura was addressing. (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it.

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

(indeclinable)

भाषमाणम् (bhāṣamāṇam) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who Vidura was addressing. (speaking, conversing)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāṣamāṇa

bhāṣamāṇa - speaking, saying, conversing.

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root bhāṣ (1st class, Ātmanepada) with the śānac suffix.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura, the half-brother of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and a wise counsellor. (Vidura)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Name of a wise person, a character in the Mahābhārata.

प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - replied, spoke in return

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect

Root bhāṣ (1st class, Ātmanepada) with the upasarga prati; imperfect tense form.

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'constantly' or 'always'.

भवतु (bhavatu) - may it be, let it be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative

Root bhū (1st class, Parasmaipada), imperative mood form.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ते (te) - Of yours (referring to the king). (to you, of yours)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (singular).

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding, wisdom

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, wisdom.

Derived from root budh.

Root: budh (class 1)

एषा (eṣā) - This (specific) intellect. (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, here.

राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign.

शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

(numeral)

Note: Used here as a quantifier in the temporal accusative construction 'for a hundred years'.

समाः (samāḥ) - years, seasons

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of samā

samā - a year, a season.

Note: Temporal accusative indicating duration: 'for a hundred years'.