महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-192, verse-10

विनिवृत्तो वृतं दृष्ट्वा द्रौपद्या श्वेतवाहनम् ।
तं तु दुःशासनो व्रीडन्मन्दं मन्दमिवाब्रवीत् ॥१०॥

10. vinivṛtto vṛtaṁ dṛṣṭvā draupadyā śvetavāhanam ,
taṁ tu duḥśāsano vrīḍanmandaṁ mandamivābravīt.

10. vinivṛttaḥ vṛtam dṛṣṭvā draupadyāḥ śvetavāhanam |
tam tu duḥśāsanaḥ vrīḍan mandam mandam iva abravīt

10. Having seen Arjuna ("the one with white horses") chosen by Draupadī, King Duryodhana, along with his brothers, Aśvatthāmā, his maternal uncle (Śakuni), Karṇa, and Kṛpa, turned back. Then Duḥśāsana, feeling ashamed, spoke to him (Duryodhana) very slowly.

Words meanings summery:

• विनिवृत्तः (vinivṛttaḥ) - (Duryodhana) returned (turned back, returned, retired)

• वृतम् (vṛtam) - chosen (by Draupadī) (chosen, selected, surrounded)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• द्रौपद्याः (draupadyāḥ) - by Draupadī (by Draupadī, of Draupadī)

• श्वेतवाहनम् (śvetavāhanam) - Arjuna (one whose vehicle is white, having white horses/chariot)

• तम् (tam) - to him (Duryodhana) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana (name of a Kuru prince)

• व्रीडन् (vrīḍan) - feeling ashamed (being ashamed, blushing)

• मन्दम् (mandam) - slowly (slowly, gently, low (voice))

• मन्दम् (mandam) - slowly (repetition for emphasis 'very slowly') (slowly, gently, low (voice))

• इव (iva) - (intensifier for 'slowly') (as if, like, in the manner of)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

विनिवृत्तः (vinivṛttaḥ) - (Duryodhana) returned (turned back, returned, retired)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinivṛtta

vinivṛtta - turned back, returned, stopped, abstained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt (to turn, exist) with prefixes vi-ni-

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

वृतम् (vṛtam) - chosen (by Draupadī) (chosen, selected, surrounded)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - chosen, selected, elected, surrounded, covered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ (to choose) or vṛ (to cover)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

द्रौपद्याः (draupadyāḥ) - by Draupadī (by Draupadī, of Draupadī)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of draupadī

draupadī - Draupadī (daughter of Drupada, wife of the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Instrumental case indicating agency ('chosen by').

श्वेतवाहनम् (śvetavāhanam) - Arjuna (one whose vehicle is white, having white horses/chariot)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śvetavāhana

śvetavāhana - having a white vehicle or white horses; an epithet of Arjuna

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śveta+vāhana)

• śveta – white, bright, pure
  adjective (masculine)
• vāhana – vehicle, conveyance, horse, mount
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root vah (to carry)
  Root: vah (class 1)

तम् (tam) - to him (Duryodhana) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana (name of a Kuru prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (name of Duryodhana's brother, a Kuru prince)

व्रीडन् (vrīḍan) - feeling ashamed (being ashamed, blushing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vrīḍat

vrīḍat - being ashamed, blushing, embarrassed

Present Active Participle

Derived from root vrīḍ (to be ashamed) with suffix -śatṛ

Root: vrīḍ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Duḥśāsana.

मन्दम् (mandam) - slowly (slowly, gently, low (voice))

(indeclinable)

मन्दम् (mandam) - slowly (repetition for emphasis 'very slowly') (slowly, gently, low (voice))

(indeclinable)

इव (iva) - (intensifier for 'slowly') (as if, like, in the manner of)

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense (laṅ), 3rd person singular active voice, from root brū (class 2) with past tense augment 'a-'

Root: brū (class 2)