महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-192, verse-13

एवं संभाषमाणास्ते निन्दन्तश्च पुरोचनम् ।
विविशुर्हास्तिनपुरं दीना विगतचेतसः ॥१३॥

13. evaṁ saṁbhāṣamāṇāste nindantaśca purocanam ,
viviśurhāstinapuraṁ dīnā vigatacetasaḥ.

13. evam saṃbhāṣamāṇāḥ te nindantaḥ ca purocanam
| viviśuḥ hāstinapuram dīnāḥ vigatacetasaḥ

13. Thus conversing and blaming Purocana, they, dejected and disheartened, entered Hastinapura.

13. כך דיברו וגינו את פּוּרוֹצ׳ַנַה, ונכנסו אל הָאסְטִינַפּוּרַה מדוכאים ובלי תושייה.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• संभाषमाणाः (saṁbhāṣamāṇāḥ) - conversing (conversing, speaking together)

• ते (te) - they (Duryodhana and his companions) (they, those (masculine nominative plural))

• निन्दन्तः (nindantaḥ) - blaming (blaming, censuring)

• च (ca) - and

• पुरोचनम् (purocanam) - Purocana (name of a minister)

• विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered

• हास्तिनपुरम् (hāstinapuram) - Hastinapura (name of a city)

• दीनाः (dīnāḥ) - dejected (dejected, sad, miserable)

• विगतचेतसः (vigatacetasaḥ) - disheartened (with lost minds, disheartened, dispirited)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

संभाषमाणाः (saṁbhāṣamāṇāḥ) - conversing (conversing, speaking together)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃbhāṣamāṇa

saṁbhāṣamāṇa - conversing, speaking, talking together

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root bhāṣ (to speak) with prefix sam- and suffix -śānac

Prefix: sam

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

ते (te) - they (Duryodhana and his companions) (they, those (masculine nominative plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to Duryodhana and his companions.

निन्दन्तः (nindantaḥ) - blaming (blaming, censuring)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nindat

nindat - blaming, censuring, reproaching

Present Active Participle

Derived from root nind (to blame) with suffix -śatṛ

Root: nind (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुरोचनम् (purocanam) - Purocana (name of a minister)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purocana

purocana - Purocana (a minister of Duryodhana)

विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of viś

Perfect tense (lit), 3rd person plural active voice, reduplicated form from root viś (class 6)

Root: viś (class 6)

हास्तिनपुरम् (hāstinapuram) - Hastinapura (name of a city)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hāstinapura

hāstinapura - Hastinapura (the capital city of the Kauravas in the Mahābhārata)

Compound of Hāstina (relating to Hastin, a king) and pura (city)

Compound type : tatpurusha (hāstina+pura)

• hāstina – belonging to an elephant; relating to Hastin (an ancient king after whom the city is named)
  adjective (masculine)
• pura – city, town, stronghold
  noun (neuter)

दीनाः (dīnāḥ) - dejected (dejected, sad, miserable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dīna

dīna - dejected, sad, miserable, humble, distressed, poor

Past Passive Participle of root dī (to decay, be worn out)

Root: dī

Note: Qualifies 'te' (they).

विगतचेतसः (vigatacetasaḥ) - disheartened (with lost minds, disheartened, dispirited)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vigatacetas

vigatacetas - with lost mind, disheartened, deprived of consciousness or sense

Bahuvrihi compound of vigata (gone away, lost) and cetas (mind, consciousness)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vigata+cetas)

• vigata – gone away, departed, lost, vanished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go) with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: gam (class 1)
• cetas – mind, consciousness, intellect, heart
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'te' (they).

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