महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-124, verse-30

अथ तौ नित्यसंहृष्टौ सुयोधनवृकोदरौ ।
अवतीर्णौ गदाहस्तावेकशृङ्गाविवाचलौ ॥३०॥

30. atha tau nityasaṁhṛṣṭau suyodhanavṛkodarau ,
avatīrṇau gadāhastāvekaśṛṅgāvivācalau.

30. atha tau nityasaṃhṛṣṭau suyodhanavṛkodarau
avatīrṇau gadāhastau ekaśṛṅgau iva acalau

30. Then, those two—Suyodhana and Vṛkodara—always eager, entered the arena with maces in hand, like two single-peaked mountains.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon, moreover

• तौ (tau) - those two

• नित्यसंहृष्टौ (nityasaṁhṛṣṭau) - always delighted, ever eager, constantly joyful

• सुयोधनवृकोदरौ (suyodhanavṛkodarau) - Suyodhana (Duryodhana) and Vṛkodara (Bhīma) (Suyodhana and Vṛkodara)

• अवतीर्णौ (avatīrṇau) - entered the arena (descended, appeared, entered)

• गदाहस्तौ (gadāhastau) - with maces in hand, holding maces

• एकशृङ्गौ (ekaśṛṅgau) - having a single horn, having a single peak

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• अचलौ (acalau) - mountains (plural), immovable ones

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon, moreover

(indeclinable)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to Suyodhana and Vṛkodara.

नित्यसंहृष्टौ (nityasaṁhṛṣṭau) - always delighted, ever eager, constantly joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of nityasaṃhṛṣṭa

nityasaṁhṛṣṭa - always delighted, ever eager, constantly joyful

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nitya+saṃhṛṣṭa)

• nitya – constant, eternal, perpetual, always
  adjective (masculine)
• saṃhṛṣṭa – delighted, joyful, eager, gladdened
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root `hṛṣ` (to be excited, rejoice) with prefix `sam-`.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

सुयोधनवृकोदरौ (suyodhanavṛkodarau) - Suyodhana (Duryodhana) and Vṛkodara (Bhīma) (Suyodhana and Vṛkodara)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of suyodhanavṛkodara

suyodhanavṛkodara - Suyodhana and Vṛkodara

Compound type : dvandva (suyodhana+vṛkodara)

• suyodhana – Suyodhana (an alternate name for Duryodhana)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vṛkodara – Vṛkodara (a name for Bhīma, meaning 'wolf-bellied' or 'voracious')
  proper noun (masculine)

अवतीर्णौ (avatīrṇau) - entered the arena (descended, appeared, entered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of avatīrṇa

avatīrṇa - descended, dismounted, alighted, entered, appeared

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the verb root `tṝ` (to cross, pass over) with the prefix `ava-` (down, off).

Prefix: ava

Root: tṝ (class 1)

गदाहस्तौ (gadāhastau) - with maces in hand, holding maces

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of gadāhasta

gadāhasta - having a mace in hand, holding a mace

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gadā+hasta)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• hasta – hand, arm
  noun (masculine)

एकशृङ्गौ (ekaśṛṅgau) - having a single horn, having a single peak

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ekaśṛṅga

ekaśṛṅga - having a single horn or peak

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (eka+śṛṅga)

• eka – one, single, sole
  numeral (masculine)
• śṛṅga – horn, peak (of a mountain), summit
  noun (neuter)

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

अचलौ (acalau) - mountains (plural), immovable ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of acala

acala - immovable, fixed; a mountain

From `a-` (not) + `cala` (moving).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+cala)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• cala – moving, shaking, tremulous
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root `cal` (to move).
  Root: cal (class 1)