महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-109, verse-24

किं कृतं ते नरश्रेष्ठ निघ्नतो मामनागसम् ।
मुनिं मूलफलाहारं मृगवेषधरं नृप ।
वसमानमरण्येषु नित्यं शमपरायणम् ॥२४॥

24. kiṁ kṛtaṁ te naraśreṣṭha nighnato māmanāgasam ,
muniṁ mūlaphalāhāraṁ mṛgaveṣadharaṁ nṛpa ,
vasamānamaraṇyeṣu nityaṁ śamaparāyaṇam.

24. kim kṛtam te naraśreṣṭha nighnataḥ
mām anāgasam | munim mūlaphalāhāram
mṛgaveṣadharam nṛpa | vasamānam
araṇyeṣu nityam śamaparāyaṇam

24. O best among men, O king, what have you done by killing me, an innocent sage (muni), who lives on roots and fruits, disguised as a deer, dwelling in the forests, and always devoted to tranquility?

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what?

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed

• ते (te) - by you, to you, for you

• नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O best of men, O noblest of humans

• निघ्नतः (nighnataḥ) - of one who kills, by killing

• माम् (mām) - me

• अनागसम् (anāgasam) - innocent, faultless

• मुनिम् (munim) - sage, ascetic

• मूलफलाहारम् (mūlaphalāhāram) - subsisting on roots and fruits

• मृगवेषधरम् (mṛgaveṣadharam) - wearing the guise of a deer, in the form of a deer

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king, O ruler

• वसमानम् (vasamānam) - dwelling, residing

• अरण्येषु (araṇyeṣu) - in the forests, in the wilderness

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• शमपरायणम् (śamaparāyaṇam) - devoted to tranquility, committed to peace

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what?

(interrogative pronoun)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

root kṛ + kta suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ते (te) - by you, to you, for you

(pronoun)

singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Here in instrumental sense, 'by you'.

नरश्रेष्ठ (naraśreṣṭha) - O best of men, O noblest of humans

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, person, human being
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, foremost
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of praśasya (good)

निघ्नतः (nighnataḥ) - of one who kills, by killing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nighnat

nighnat - killing, striking down

Present Active Participle

root han with prefix ni + śatṛ suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Implies 'by you (who are) killing'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

अनागसम् (anāgasam) - innocent, faultless

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anāgas

anāgas - innocent, faultless, sinless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (an+āgas)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• āgas – offense, fault, sin
  noun (neuter)

मुनिम् (munim) - sage, ascetic

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer

मूलफलाहारम् (mūlaphalāhāram) - subsisting on roots and fruits

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mūlaphalāhāra

mūlaphalāhāra - eating roots and fruits

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mūla+phala+āhāra)

• mūla – root, origin, foundation
  noun (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, reward
  noun (neuter)
• āhāra – food, diet, taking
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

मृगवेषधरम् (mṛgaveṣadharam) - wearing the guise of a deer, in the form of a deer

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛgaveṣadhara

mṛgaveṣadhara - wearing the dress/form of a deer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛga+veṣa+dhara)

• mṛga – deer, wild animal
  noun (masculine)
• veṣa – dress, guise, disguise
  noun (masculine)
  Root: viś (class 6)
• dhara – bearing, wearing, holding
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun / suffix
  root dhṛ + ac suffix
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

नृप (nṛpa) - O king, O ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men

वसमानम् (vasamānam) - dwelling, residing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vasamāna

vasamāna - dwelling, residing

Present Middle Participle

root vas + śānac suffix

Root: vas (class 1)

अरण्येषु (araṇyeṣu) - in the forests, in the wilderness

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

शमपरायणम् (śamaparāyaṇam) - devoted to tranquility, committed to peace

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śamaparāyaṇa

śamaparāyaṇa - intent on peace/tranquility

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śama+parāyaṇa)

• śama – tranquility, peace, calmness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śam (class 4)
• parāyaṇa – devoted to, intent on, chief object
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: parā
  Root: i (class 2)