महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-109, verse-31

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्त्वा सुदुःखार्तो जीवितात्स व्ययुज्यत ।
मृगः पाण्डुश्च शोकार्तः क्षणेन समपद्यत ॥३१॥

31. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktvā suduḥkhārto jīvitātsa vyayujyata ,
mṛgaḥ pāṇḍuśca śokārtaḥ kṣaṇena samapadyata.

31. vaiśampāyana uvāca evam uktvā suduḥkhārtaḥ jīvitāt saḥ
vyayujyata mṛgaḥ pāṇḍuḥ ca śokārtaḥ kṣaṇena samapadyata

31. Vaiśampāyana said: Having spoken thus, the deer, deeply distressed by sorrow, departed from life. And Pāṇḍu, afflicted by grief, in an instant became like the deer (i.e., also succumbed).

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - Having spoken (having spoken, having said)

• सुदुखार्तः (sudukhārtaḥ) - deeply distressed by sorrow (greatly distressed by sorrow, deeply afflicted by pain)

• जीवितात् (jīvitāt) - from life

• सः (saḥ) - he (the deer) (he, that)

• व्ययुज्यत (vyayujyata) - departed from life (was separated, became disunited)

• मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - the deer (deer, wild animal)

• पाण्डुः (pāṇḍuḥ) - Pāṇḍu (Pāṇḍu (a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• शोकार्तः (śokārtaḥ) - afflicted by grief (distressed by grief, afflicted by sorrow)

• क्षणेन (kṣaṇena) - in an instant (in a moment, instantly)

• समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became (like the deer) (became, happened, occurred)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

Third person singular, perfect active (lit)

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - Having spoken (having spoken, having said)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Ktvā)

Derived from root √vac (to speak, say)

Root: vac (class 2)

सुदुखार्तः (sudukhārtaḥ) - deeply distressed by sorrow (greatly distressed by sorrow, deeply afflicted by pain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudukhārta

sudukhārta - greatly distressed by sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+duḥkha+ārta)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, pain
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ṛ (to go, move), often used to mean 'distressed'
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

जीवितात् (jīvitāt) - from life

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, livelihood, existence

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Derived from root √jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he (the deer) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

व्ययुज्यत (vyayujyata) - departed from life (was separated, became disunited)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (luṅ) of vyayuj

Imperfect Tense

Third person singular, imperfect passive

Prefix: vi

Root: yuj (class 7)

मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - the deer (deer, wild animal)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛga

mṛga - deer, wild animal, gazelle

पाण्डुः (pāṇḍuḥ) - Pāṇḍu (Pāṇḍu (a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍu

pāṇḍu - Pāṇḍu (a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

शोकार्तः (śokārtaḥ) - afflicted by grief (distressed by grief, afflicted by sorrow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śokārta

śokārta - distressed by grief, afflicted by sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+ārta)

• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ṛ (to go, move), often used to mean 'distressed'
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

क्षणेन (kṣaṇena) - in an instant (in a moment, instantly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - moment, instant, leisure

समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became (like the deer) (became, happened, occurred)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of samapad

Imperfect Tense

Third person singular, imperfect middle (luṅ)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: pad (class 4)