महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-109, verse-16

मृग उवाच ।
न रिपून्वै समुद्दिश्य विमुञ्चन्ति पुरा शरान् ।
रन्ध्र एषां विशेषेण वधकालः प्रशस्यते ॥१६॥

16. mṛga uvāca ,
na ripūnvai samuddiśya vimuñcanti purā śarān ,
randhra eṣāṁ viśeṣeṇa vadhakālaḥ praśasyate.

16. mṛgaḥ uvāca na ripūn vai samuddiśya vimuñcanti purā
śarān randhraḥ eṣām viśeṣeṇa vadhakālaḥ praśasyate

16. The deer said: 'Indeed, in former times, people did not release arrows without specifically targeting enemies. Their vulnerability, especially, is considered the appropriate time for killing.'

Words meanings summery:

• मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - the deer

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely

• समुद्दिश्य (samuddiśya) - having aimed at, having targeted, having referred to

• विमुञ्चन्ति (vimuñcanti) - they release, they shoot (arrows)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• रन्ध्रः (randhraḥ) - vulnerability, weak point, opening

• एषाम् (eṣām) - of these, of them

• विशेषेण (viśeṣeṇa) - especially, particularly

• वधकालः (vadhakālaḥ) - time for killing, moment of death

• प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is praised, is approved, is commended

Words meanings and morphology

मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - the deer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛga

mṛga - deer, wild animal, gazelle

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe, adversary

वै (vai) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

समुद्दिश्य (samuddiśya) - having aimed at, having targeted, having referred to

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

absolutive of root diś with prefixes sam and ud

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: diś (class 6)

विमुञ्चन्ति (vimuñcanti) - they release, they shoot (arrows)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vimuñc

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed, dart

रन्ध्रः (randhraḥ) - vulnerability, weak point, opening

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of randhra

randhra - hole, opening, defect, vulnerability, weak point

एषाम् (eṣām) - of these, of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of etas

etas - this, these

विशेषेण (viśeṣeṇa) - especially, particularly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of viśeṣa

viśeṣa - distinction, peculiarity, specific feature, excellence

Note: used adverbially

वधकालः (vadhakālaḥ) - time for killing, moment of death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhakāla

vadhakāla - time for killing, opportune moment for destruction

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vadha+kāla)

• vadha – killing, striking, slaughter
  noun (masculine)
  Root: han (class 2)
• kāla – time, season, period
  noun (masculine)

प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is praised, is approved, is commended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of praśaṃs

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)