भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-9, verse-4
मया ततमिदं सर्वं जगदव्यक्तमूर्तिना ।
मत्स्थानि सर्वभूतानि न चाहं तेष्ववस्थितः ॥४॥
मत्स्थानि सर्वभूतानि न चाहं तेष्ववस्थितः ॥४॥
4. mayā tatamidaṁ sarvaṁ jagadavyaktamūrtinā ,
matsthāni sarvabhūtāni na cāhaṁ teṣvavasthitaḥ.
matsthāni sarvabhūtāni na cāhaṁ teṣvavasthitaḥ.
4.
mayā tatam idam sarvam jagat avyaktamūrtinā |
matsthāni sarvabhūtāni na ca aham teṣu avasthitaḥ
matsthāni sarvabhūtāni na ca aham teṣu avasthitaḥ
4.
avyaktamūrtinā mayā idam sarvam jagat tatam
sarvabhūtāni matsthāni ca aham teṣu na avasthitaḥ
sarvabhūtāni matsthāni ca aham teṣu na avasthitaḥ
4.
By Me, this entire universe is pervaded in My unmanifest form. All beings are situated within Me, yet I am not contained within them.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मया (mayā) - by Me (Krishna) (by me)
- ततम् (tatam) - pervaded (pervaded, spread, extended)
- इदम् (idam) - this
- सर्वम् (sarvam) - entire (all, entire, whole)
- जगत् (jagat) - universe (universe, world, moving)
- अव्यक्तमूर्तिना (avyaktamūrtinā) - by My unmanifest form (by the unmanifest form, by one whose form is unmanifest)
- मत्स्थानि (matsthāni) - situated in Me (situated in Me, abiding in Me)
- सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings (all beings, all elements)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- च (ca) - yet (and, also, but)
- अहम् (aham) - I (Krishna) (I)
- तेषु (teṣu) - in them (all beings) (in them, among them)
- अवस्थितः (avasthitaḥ) - contained (situated, standing, abiding)
Words meanings and morphology
मया (mayā) - by Me (Krishna) (by me)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of asmad
asmad - I, Me
First person pronoun.
Note: Refers to Krishna, the speaker.
ततम् (tatam) - pervaded (pervaded, spread, extended)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tan
tan - to extend, spread, pervade
past passive participle
From root √tan + kta suffix.
Root: tan (class 8)
इदम् (idam) - this
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this
Demonstrative pronoun.
सर्वम् (sarvam) - entire (all, entire, whole)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole, entire
जगत् (jagat) - universe (universe, world, moving)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat
jagat - world, universe, moving, living beings
present active participle
From root √gam (to go), participle.
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Here used as a noun meaning 'the world/universe'.
अव्यक्तमूर्तिना (avyaktamūrtinā) - by My unmanifest form (by the unmanifest form, by one whose form is unmanifest)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of avyaktamūrti
avyaktamūrti - having an unmanifest form, whose form is not visible
Bahuvrīhi compound: a-vyakta (unmanifest) + mūrti (form). "He whose form is unmanifest."
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (avyakta+mūrti)
- avyakta – unmanifest, imperceptible, indistinct
adjective (neuter)
past passive participle (negated)
From a- + vi-anj + kta
Prefix: vi
Root: añj (class 7) - mūrti – form, embodiment, manifestation
noun (feminine)
From root √mūrch (to become firm)
Root: mūrch (class 1)
Note: Agrees with `mayā`.
मत्स्थानि (matsthāni) - situated in Me (situated in Me, abiding in Me)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of matstha
matstha - situated in Me (God), dependent on Me
Tatpuruṣa compound: mat (Me) + stha (standing, situated).
Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (mad+stha)
- mad – Me (ablative/genitive/locative stem)
pronoun
Primal form of asmad in compounds - stha – standing, situated, abiding
adjective (neuter)
From root √sthā
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Predicate for `sarvabhūtāni`.
सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings (all beings, all elements)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta
sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures, all elements
Tatpuruṣa compound: sarva (all) + bhūta (being/element).
Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+bhūta)
- sarva – all, every, whole, entire
pronoun/adjective (neuter) - bhūta – being, creature, element; has been
noun/past passive participle (neuter)
past passive participle
From root √bhū (to be, become)
Root: bhū (class 1)
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Negative particle.
Note: Negates the following statement.
च (ca) - yet (and, also, but)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction particle.
अहम् (aham) - I (Krishna) (I)
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, Me
First person pronoun.
Note: Refers to Krishna.
तेषु (teṣu) - in them (all beings) (in them, among them)
(pronoun)
Locative, neuter, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Refers to `bhūtāni` which is neuter plural.
अवस्थितः (avasthitaḥ) - contained (situated, standing, abiding)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ava-sthā
ava-sthā - to be situated, stand, abide
past passive participle
From root √sthā with prefix ava-.
Prefix: ava
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: The participle acts as a predicate.