भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-9, verse-2
राजविद्या राजगुह्यं पवित्रमिदमुत्तमम् ।
प्रत्यक्षावगमं धर्म्यं सुसुखं कर्तुमव्ययम् ॥२॥
प्रत्यक्षावगमं धर्म्यं सुसुखं कर्तुमव्ययम् ॥२॥
2. rājavidyā rājaguhyaṁ pavitramidamuttamam ,
pratyakṣāvagamaṁ dharmyaṁ susukhaṁ kartumavyayam.
pratyakṣāvagamaṁ dharmyaṁ susukhaṁ kartumavyayam.
2.
rājavidyā rājaguhyam pavitram idam uttamam |
pratyakṣāvagamam dharmyam susukham kartum avyayam
pratyakṣāvagamam dharmyam susukham kartum avyayam
2.
idam rājavidyā rājaguhyam uttamam pavitram
pratyakṣāvagamam dharmyam susukham kartum avyayam
pratyakṣāvagamam dharmyam susukham kartum avyayam
2.
This is the sovereign knowledge, the sovereign secret, the supreme purifier. It is directly perceivable, in accordance with natural law (dharma), very easy to perform, and imperishable.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- राजविद्या (rājavidyā) - sovereign knowledge (royal knowledge, king of sciences, supreme knowledge)
- राजगुह्यम् (rājaguhyam) - sovereign secret (royal secret, king of secrets, supreme secret)
- पवित्रम् (pavitram) - purifier (purifier, holy, pure)
- इदम् (idam) - this (knowledge) (this, this (knowledge))
- उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme (supreme, excellent, highest)
- प्रत्यक्षावगमम् (pratyakṣāvagamam) - directly perceivable (directly perceivable, understood through direct experience)
- धर्म्यम् (dharmyam) - in accordance with natural law (dharma) (righteous, virtuous, conforming to natural law)
- सुसुखम् (susukham) - very easy (very pleasant, very easy, very happy)
- कर्तुम् (kartum) - to perform (to do, to perform, to make)
- अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable (imperishable, inexhaustible, immutable)
Words meanings and morphology
राजविद्या (rājavidyā) - sovereign knowledge (royal knowledge, king of sciences, supreme knowledge)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of rājavidyā
rājavidyā - royal knowledge, king of sciences, supreme knowledge
Tatpuruṣa compound: rājñī vidyā (queen of knowledge) or rājā vidyānām (king among knowledge).
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+vidyā)
- rājan – king, sovereign
noun (masculine) - vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
noun (feminine)
From root √vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: Predicate nominative for `idam`.
राजगुह्यम् (rājaguhyam) - sovereign secret (royal secret, king of secrets, supreme secret)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of rājaguhya
rājaguhya - royal secret, king of secrets, supreme secret
Tatpuruṣa compound: rājñāṃ guhyam (secret of kings) or rājā guhyānām (king among secrets).
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+guhya)
- rājan – king, sovereign
noun (masculine) - guhya – secret, hidden
adjective/noun (neuter)
gerundive
From root √guh + ya-suffix
Root: guh (class 1)
Note: Predicate nominative for `idam`.
पवित्रम् (pavitram) - purifier (purifier, holy, pure)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of pavitra
pavitra - purifying, pure, holy, sacred; a strainer
From root √pū (to purify).
Root: pū (class 1)
इदम् (idam) - this (knowledge) (this, this (knowledge))
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this
Note: Refers to the `jñāna` described in the previous verse.
उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme (supreme, excellent, highest)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of uttama
uttama - highest, best, supreme, excellent
superlative
Superlative of ud (up) + -tama.
प्रत्यक्षावगमम् (pratyakṣāvagamam) - directly perceivable (directly perceivable, understood through direct experience)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of pratyakṣāvagama
pratyakṣāvagama - directly perceivable, understood through direct experience
Tatpuruṣa compound: pratyakṣa (direct perception) + avagama (understanding).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pratyakṣa+avagama)
- pratyakṣa – perceptible to the senses, direct perception
adjective/noun (neuter)
prati-akṣa (before the eyes)
Prefix: prati - avagama – understanding, comprehension, knowledge
noun (masculine)
From ava-gam
Prefix: ava
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Predicate nominative for `idam`.
धर्म्यम् (dharmyam) - in accordance with natural law (dharma) (righteous, virtuous, conforming to natural law)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of dharmya
dharmya - righteous, virtuous, lawful, conformable to natural law (dharma)
From dharma + ya-suffix.
Note: Predicate nominative for `idam`.
सुसुखम् (susukham) - very easy (very pleasant, very easy, very happy)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of susukha
susukha - very pleasant, very easy, very happy
From su- (good, very) + sukha (pleasure, ease).
Compound type : prādi-tatpuruṣa (su+sukha)
- su – good, well, very
indeclinable
Prefix - sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease, comfortable
noun/adjective (neuter)
Note: Predicate nominative for `idam`.
कर्तुम् (kartum) - to perform (to do, to perform, to make)
(indeclinable)
infinitive
From root √kṛ with -tum suffix.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable (imperishable, inexhaustible, immutable)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of avyaya
avyaya - imperishable, inexhaustible, immutable, undecaying
Negative compound (na-vyaya).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyaya)
- a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - vyaya – expenditure, decay, perishability
noun (masculine)
From vi-i
Prefix: vi
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Predicate nominative for `idam`.