भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-9, verse-24
अहं हि सर्वयज्ञानां भोक्ता च प्रभुरेव च ।
न तु मामभिजानन्ति तत्त्वेनातश्च्यवन्ति ते ॥२४॥
न तु मामभिजानन्ति तत्त्वेनातश्च्यवन्ति ते ॥२४॥
24. ahaṁ hi sarvayajñānāṁ bhoktā ca prabhureva ca ,
na tu māmabhijānanti tattvenātaścyavanti te.
na tu māmabhijānanti tattvenātaścyavanti te.
24.
aham hi sarvayajñānām bhoktā ca prabhuḥ eva ca
na tu mām abhijānanti tattvena ataḥ cyavanti te
na tu mām abhijānanti tattvena ataḥ cyavanti te
24.
aham hi sarvayajñānām bhoktā ca eva ca prabhuḥ
tu te mām tattvena na abhijānanti ataḥ cyavanti
tu te mām tattvena na abhijānanti ataḥ cyavanti
24.
Indeed, I am the enjoyer and also the Lord of all Vedic rituals (yajña). But they do not truly know My intrinsic nature (tattva), and therefore they fall back (cyavanti) into the cycle of saṃsāra.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अहम् (aham) - I, myself
- हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, certainly, for)
- सर्वयज्ञानाम् (sarvayajñānām) - of all sacrifices (yajña) (of all sacrifices)
- भोक्ता (bhoktā) - enjoyer, consumer
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the Lord (lord, master, ruler)
- एव (eva) - also (emphasizing prabhuḥ) (only, alone, indeed)
- च (ca) - and (also) (and, also)
- न (na) - not, no
- तु (tu) - But (but, on the other hand)
- माम् (mām) - Me
- अभिजानन्ति (abhijānanti) - they do not know Me (they know, they understand)
- तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, My intrinsic nature (tattva) (in reality, truly, in truth)
- अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (therefore, hence, from this)
- च्यवन्ति (cyavanti) - they fall back (into the cycle of saṃsāra) (they fall, they deviate, they move away)
- ते (te) - they
Words meanings and morphology
अहम् (aham) - I, myself
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of aham
aham - I, myself
Note: Subject of the sentence
हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, certainly, for)
(indeclinable)
सर्वयज्ञानाम् (sarvayajñānām) - of all sacrifices (yajña) (of all sacrifices)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvayajña
sarvayajña - all sacrifices, every sacrifice
Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+yajña)
- sarva – all, every, whole
pronoun (masculine) - yajña – sacrifice, ritual, worship
noun (masculine)
From root yaj
Root: yaj (class 1)
भोक्ता (bhoktā) - enjoyer, consumer
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhoktṛ
bhoktṛ - enjoyer, consumer, experiencer
Agent Noun
From root bhuj + suffix -tṛ
Root: bhuj (class 7)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the Lord (lord, master, ruler)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu
prabhu - lord, master, powerful, eminent
From pra-bhū (to be eminent)
Prefix: pra
Root: bhū (class 1)
एव (eva) - also (emphasizing prabhuḥ) (only, alone, indeed)
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and (also) (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Redundant 'ca' indicates 'both... and...' or 'as well as'.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - But (but, on the other hand)
(indeclinable)
माम् (mām) - Me
(pronoun)
Accusative, singular of aham
aham - I, myself
Note: Object of abhijānanti.
अभिजानन्ति (abhijānanti) - they do not know Me (they know, they understand)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of abhijñā
From root jñā (to know) with prefix abhi
Prefix: abhi
Root: jñā (class 9)
तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, My intrinsic nature (tattva) (in reality, truly, in truth)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of tattva
tattva - reality, truth, true nature, principle
Note: Used adverbially
अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (therefore, hence, from this)
(indeclinable)
च्यवन्ति (cyavanti) - they fall back (into the cycle of saṃsāra) (they fall, they deviate, they move away)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of cyu
Root: cyu (class 1)
ते (te) - they
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Subject of cyavanti