भगवद्गीता bhagavad-gītā - chapter-9, verse-3

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अश्रद्दधानाः पुरुषा धर्मस्यास्य परंतप ।
अप्राप्य मां निवर्तन्ते मृत्युसंसारवर्त्मनि ॥३॥

3. aśraddadhānāḥ puruṣā dharmasyāsya paraṁtapa ,
aprāpya māṁ nivartante mṛtyusaṁsāravartmani.

3. aśraddadhānāḥ puruṣāḥ dharmasya asya parantapa
| aprāpya mām nivartante mṛtyusaṃsāravartmani

3. parantapa asya dharmasya aśraddadhānāḥ puruṣāḥ
mām aprāpya mṛtyusaṃsāravartmani nivartante

3. O scorcher of foes (parantapa)! Persons who lack faith (śraddhā) in this natural law (dharma), failing to attain Me, return to the path of death and transmigration (saṃsāra).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

अश्रद्दधानाः (aśraddadhānāḥ) - lacking faith (śraddhā) (faithless, lacking faith, unbelieving)

पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - persons (puruṣa) (men, persons, individual souls)

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of this natural law (dharma) (of natural law, of righteousness, of duty)

अस्य (asya) - of this

परन्तप (parantapa) - O scorcher of foes (Arjuna) (O scorcher of foes, O subjugator of enemies)

अप्राप्य (aprāpya) - failing to attain (not having attained, without reaching, failing to obtain)

माम् (mām) - Me (Krishna) (Me)

निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they return (they return, they turn back)

मृत्युसंसारवर्त्मनि (mṛtyusaṁsāravartmani) - to the path of death and transmigration (saṃsāra) (on the path of death and transmigration)

Words meanings and morphology

अश्रद्दधानाः (aśraddadhānāḥ) - lacking faith (śraddhā) (faithless, lacking faith, unbelieving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśraddadhāna

aśraddadhāna - faithless, lacking faith, unbelieving

present active participle (negated)

Negative compound (na-śraddadhāna). Śraddadhāna is from śrat-dhā (to place faith).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śraddadhāna)

a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix
śraddadhāna – having faith, believing
adjective (masculine)
present active participle (middle)
From śrat-√dhā
Root: dhā (class 3)

पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - persons (puruṣa) (men, persons, individual souls)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being; the cosmic person (puruṣa)

Root: pṛ (class 10)

Note: Subject of `nivartante`.

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of this natural law (dharma) (of natural law, of righteousness, of duty)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature

From root √dhṛ (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Governed by `aśraddadhānāḥ` (lack faith in).

अस्य (asya) - of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Demonstrative pronoun.

परन्तप (parantapa) - O scorcher of foes (Arjuna) (O scorcher of foes, O subjugator of enemies)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of parantapa

parantapa - scorcher of foes, tormentor of enemies

Compound: para (enemy) + tapa (scorcher, tormentor).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

para – other, enemy, supreme
adjective/noun (masculine)
tapa – heat, torment, one who scorches
noun (masculine)
agent noun
From root √tap (to heat, torment)
Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Arjuna.

अप्राप्य (aprāpya) - failing to attain (not having attained, without reaching, failing to obtain)

(indeclinable)

indeclinable participle (absolutive)

From a- + pra-√āp with -ya suffix (lap).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+prāpya)

a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix
prāpya – having obtained, having reached
indeclinable
absolutive
From pra-√āp + -ya
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)

माम् (mām) - Me (Krishna) (Me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, Me

First person pronoun.

Note: Refers to Krishna, the speaker.

निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they return (they return, they turn back)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of ni-vṛt

present tense, middle voice

From root √vṛt with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The verb for `puruṣāḥ`.

मृत्युसंसारवर्त्मनि (mṛtyusaṁsāravartmani) - to the path of death and transmigration (saṃsāra) (on the path of death and transmigration)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mṛtyusaṃsāravartman

mṛtyusaṁsāravartman - path of death and transmigration

Tatpuruṣa compound: mṛtyu (death) + saṃsāra (cycle of rebirth) + vartman (path).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛtyu+saṃsāra+vartman)

mṛtyu – death
noun (masculine)
From root √mṛ (to die)
Root: mṛ (class 6)
saṃsāra – transmigration, cycle of rebirth, worldly existence
noun (masculine)
From saṃ-sṛ
Prefix: sam
Root: sṛ (class 1)
vartman – path, road, course
noun (neuter)
From root √vṛt (to turn)
Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Refers to the continuous cycle of birth and death.