योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-67, verse-36

इष्टे वस्तुनि नाभ्यासं यः करोति नराधमः ।
सोऽनिष्टेऽनिष्टमाप्नोति नरकान्नरकान्तरम् ॥ ३६ ॥

iṣṭe vastuni nābhyāsaṃ yaḥ karoti narādhamaḥ ,
so'niṣṭe'niṣṭamāpnoti narakānnarakāntaram 36

36. iṣṭe vastuni na abhyāsam yaḥ karoti nara-adhamaḥ
saḥ aniṣṭe aniṣṭam āpnoti narakan naraka-antaram

36. yaḥ narādhamaḥ iṣṭe vastuni abhyāsam na karoti,
saḥ aniṣṭe aniṣṭam āpnoti,
narakan naraka-antaram.

36. A contemptible person (narādhamaḥ) who does not engage in diligent practice (abhyāsam) regarding a desirable object, encounters misfortune amidst undesirable things, descending from one hell to another.

36. הנקלה שבבני האדם, שאינו משקיע מאמץ למען מטרות מועילות, נופל מצרה לצרה ועובר מגיהנום אחד למשנהו.

Words meanings summery:

• इष्टे (iṣṭe) - desirable (desired, beloved, worshipped, sacrificed)

• वस्तुनि (vastuni) - with respect to desirable objects (in an object, in a thing)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अभ्यासम् (abhyāsam) - diligent practice (practice, repetition, application, study)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• करोति (karoti) - does, engages in (does, makes, performs)

• नर-अधमः (nara-adhamaḥ) - contemptible person (narādhamaḥ) (lowest of men, contemptible person, wretched person)

• सः (saḥ) - he (that person) (he, that)

• अनिष्टे (aniṣṭe) - amidst undesirable things / in undesirable situations (in what is undesirable, in misfortune)

• अनिष्टम् (aniṣṭam) - misfortune (undesirable thing, misfortune)

• आप्नोति (āpnoti) - experiences, obtains (obtains, reaches, experiences, gets)

• नरकन् (narakan) - hell (hell, underworld)

• नरक-अन्तरम् (naraka-antaram) - another hell (naraka) (another hell, a different hell)

Words meanings and morphology

इष्टे (iṣṭe) - desirable (desired, beloved, worshipped, sacrificed)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, beloved, worshipped, sacrificed, agreeable

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'yaj' (to sacrifice, worship), often refers to something desired.

Root: yaj (class 1)

वस्तुनि (vastuni) - with respect to desirable objects (in an object, in a thing)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vastu

vastu - object, thing, substance, reality

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अभ्यासम् (abhyāsam) - diligent practice (practice, repetition, application, study)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhyāsa

abhyāsa - practice, repetition, application, study, habit

Derived from verb root 'as' (to throw) with prefix 'abhi-ā'

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of 'karoti'

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever, that which

करोति (karoti) - does, engages in (does, makes, performs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Active Indicative

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नर-अधमः (nara-adhamaḥ) - contemptible person (narādhamaḥ) (lowest of men, contemptible person, wretched person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara-adhama

nara-adhama - lowest of men, vilest man, contemptible person

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nara+adhama)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhama – lowest, worst, vilest
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to the subject 'yaḥ'

सः (saḥ) - he (that person) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Subject of 'āpnoti'

अनिष्टे (aniṣṭe) - amidst undesirable things / in undesirable situations (in what is undesirable, in misfortune)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of aniṣṭa

aniṣṭa - undesirable, unpleasant, disliked, evil, misfortune

Negative of 'iṣṭa'

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+iṣṭa)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• iṣṭa – desired, agreeable
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from verb root 'yaj'
  Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Context implies 'in undesirable circumstances'

अनिष्टम् (aniṣṭam) - misfortune (undesirable thing, misfortune)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aniṣṭa

aniṣṭa - undesirable, unpleasant, disliked, evil, misfortune

Negative of 'iṣṭa'

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+iṣṭa)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• iṣṭa – desired, agreeable
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from verb root 'yaj'
  Root: yaj (class 1)

आप्नोति (āpnoti) - experiences, obtains (obtains, reaches, experiences, gets)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of āp

Present Active Indicative

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

नरकन् (narakan) - hell (hell, underworld)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naraka

naraka - hell, purgatory, underworld, abyss

Note: Indicates direction "to hell"

नरक-अन्तरम् (naraka-antaram) - another hell (naraka) (another hell, a different hell)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of naraka-antara

naraka-antara - another hell, a different hell

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (naraka+antara)

• naraka – hell, purgatory
  noun (masculine)
• antara – other, different, interval, inside
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Implies "into another hell" or "hell after hell"

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