योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-161, verse-33

एवं स्वप्नपुरं स्फारं यथा व्योमैव चिन्मयम् ।
तथैवेदं जगदतः क्वाविद्या दृश्यते कुतः ॥ ३३ ॥

evaṃ svapnapuraṃ sphāraṃ yathā vyomaiva cinmayam ,
tathaivedaṃ jagadataḥ kvāvidyā dṛśyate kutaḥ 33

33. evam svapnapuram sphāram yathā vyoma eva cinmayam
tathā eva idam jagat ataḥ kva avidyā dṛśyate kutaḥ

33. evam yathā sphāram svapnapuram vyoma eva cinmayam
tathā eva idam jagat ataḥ kva kutaḥ avidyā dṛśyate

33. Just as a vast city in a dream is solely consciousness (cinmaya), so too is this world. Therefore, where and from what source can ignorance (avidyā) truly be perceived?

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - in this way (thus, in this manner, so)

• स्वप्नपुरम् (svapnapuram) - a city in a dream, dream-city (dream city)

• स्फारम् (sphāram) - vast (vast, extensive, abundant, swollen)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which way)

• व्योम (vyoma) - space (referring to the subtle, pervasive nature) (sky, atmosphere, ether, space)

• एव (eva) - merely, nothing but (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• चिन्मयम् (cinmayam) - consciousness (cinmaya) (consisting of consciousness, full of consciousness, pure consciousness)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, in that manner, similarly)

• एव (eva) - also, indeed (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• इदम् (idam) - this (world) (this (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

• जगत् (jagat) - this world (moving, living, the world, the universe)

• अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (hence, therefore, from this)

• क्व (kva) - where? (where? in what place?)

• अविद्या (avidyā) - ignorance (avidyā) (ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance)

• दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is perceived, is seen (is seen, appears, is perceived)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from what source? (from where? whence? why?)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - in this way (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

स्वप्नपुरम् (svapnapuram) - a city in a dream, dream-city (dream city)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svapnapura

svapnapura - dream city, a city seen in a dream

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svapna+pura)

• svapna – sleep, dream, dream state
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svap (class 2)
• pura – city, town, fortress
  noun (neuter)

Note: The form `svapnapuram` is nominative/accusative singular neuter. Here it functions as nominative.

स्फारम् (sphāram) - vast (vast, extensive, abundant, swollen)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sphāra

sphāra - vast, extensive, abundant, swollen, shining

Root: sphur (class 6)

Note: Qualifies `svapnapuram`.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which way)

(indeclinable)

व्योम (vyoma) - space (referring to the subtle, pervasive nature) (sky, atmosphere, ether, space)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyoman

vyoman - sky, atmosphere, ether, space

Root: ve (class 2)

एव (eva) - merely, nothing but (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis.

चिन्मयम् (cinmayam) - consciousness (cinmaya) (consisting of consciousness, full of consciousness, pure consciousness)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cinmaya

cinmaya - consisting of consciousness, full of consciousness, purely conscious

Derived from cit (consciousness) + -maya (suffix meaning 'consisting of')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cit+maya)

• cit – consciousness, pure intelligence
  noun (feminine)
• maya – made of, consisting of, full of (suffix)
  suffix

Note: Predicate adjective for `svapnapuram`.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, in that manner, similarly)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - also, indeed (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis.

इदम् (idam) - this (world) (this (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here (proximate demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to `jagat`.

जगत् (jagat) - this world (moving, living, the world, the universe)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - moving, living, the world, the universe

Present Active Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) by reduplication and suffix -at

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (hence, therefore, from this)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a consequence.

क्व (kva) - where? (where? in what place?)

(indeclinable)

अविद्या (avidyā) - ignorance (avidyā) (ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avidyā

avidyā - ignorance, nescience, non-knowledge, illusion

Compound of a- (negation) + vidyā (knowledge)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vidyā)

• a – not, non-, un- (negating prefix)
  prefix
• vidyā – knowledge, science, learning
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of the final question.

दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is perceived, is seen (is seen, appears, is perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of dṛś

Present, 3rd person, singular, middle/passive voice

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Conjugation form of the root `dṛś` (to see) in passive voice.

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from what source? (from where? whence? why?)

(indeclinable)