योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-142, verse-45

यन्नाम किल नास्त्येव तच्छान्तौ का कदर्थना ।
परमार्थादृते बन्धः किंचिन्नाम न विद्यते ॥ ४५ ॥

yannāma kila nāstyeva tacchāntau kā kadarthanā ,
paramārthādṛte bandhaḥ kiṃcinnāma na vidyate 45

45. yat nāma kila na asti eva tat śāntau kā kadarthanā
paramārthāt ṛte bandhaḥ kiñcit nāma na vidyate

45. yat nāma kila na asti eva,
tat śāntau kā kadarthanā? paramārthāt ṛte kiñcit nāma bandhaḥ na vidyate

45. What difficulty can there be in ending something that truly does not exist? Indeed, apart from the ultimate reality (paramārtha), there is no such thing as bondage (bandha).

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - Refers to an unnamed, non-existent entity. (that which, whatever)

• नाम (nāma) - Modifies 'yat' (that which is named). (named, by name, indeed, forsooth)

• किल (kila) - indeed, surely, certainly, forsooth

• न (na) - Negates the verb asti. (not, no)

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the negation 'na asti' (truly does not exist). (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• तत् (tat) - Refers back to 'yat nāma na asti eva'. (that)

• शान्तौ (śāntau) - in the cessation, in the calming, regarding the peace

• का (kā) - Agrees with kadarthanā. (what, what kind of)

• कदर्थना (kadarthanā) - torment, difficulty, futility, unnecessary trouble

• परमार्थात् (paramārthāt) - from ultimate reality (paramārtha), from the highest truth

• ऋते (ṛte) - without, except for, apart from

• बन्धः (bandhaḥ) - Subject of na vidyate. (bondage (bandha), fetter, tie)

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - Qualifies bandhaḥ, meaning 'any kind of bondage whatsoever'. (anything, something)

• नाम (nāma) - Emphasizes bandhaḥ as 'bondage by name' or 'truly bondage'. (indeed, namely, by name)

• न (na) - Negates the verb vidyate. (not, no)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - is found, exists, is present

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - Refers to an unnamed, non-existent entity. (that which, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Pronominal stem.

नाम (nāma) - Modifies 'yat' (that which is named). (named, by name, indeed, forsooth)

(indeclinable)

From root mnā (to mention).

Root: mnā (class 2)

किल (kila) - indeed, surely, certainly, forsooth

(indeclinable)

न (na) - Negates the verb asti. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root verb.

Root: as (class 2)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the negation 'na asti' (truly does not exist). (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

An emphatic particle.

तत् (tat) - Refers back to 'yat nāma na asti eva'. (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

Pronominal stem.

शान्तौ (śāntau) - in the cessation, in the calming, regarding the peace

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śānti

śānti - peace, tranquility, cessation, calming

From root śam (to be calm, cease) + suffix -ti.

Root: śam (class 4)

का (kā) - Agrees with kadarthanā. (what, what kind of)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

Interrogative pronoun.

कदर्थना (kadarthanā) - torment, difficulty, futility, unnecessary trouble

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kadarthanā

kadarthanā - torment, difficulty, futility, unnecessary trouble or effort

From ku (bad) + arthana (request, meaning, purpose).

परमार्थात् (paramārthāt) - from ultimate reality (paramārtha), from the highest truth

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of paramārtha

paramārtha - ultimate reality (paramārtha), highest truth, supreme aim

parama (supreme) + artha (meaning, purpose, reality).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parama+artha)

• parama – supreme, highest, ultimate, best
  adjective
• artha – meaning, purpose, aim, reality, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Governed by ṛte.

ऋते (ṛte) - without, except for, apart from

(indeclinable)

Governs the ablative case.

बन्धः (bandhaḥ) - Subject of na vidyate. (bondage (bandha), fetter, tie)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandha

bandha - bondage (bandha), fetter, tie, binding

From root bandh (to bind).

Root: bandh (class 9)

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - Qualifies bandhaḥ, meaning 'any kind of bondage whatsoever'. (anything, something)

(indeclinable)

From kim (what) + cit (particle).

नाम (nāma) - Emphasizes bandhaḥ as 'bondage by name' or 'truly bondage'. (indeed, namely, by name)

(indeclinable)

Root: mnā (class 2)

न (na) - Negates the verb vidyate. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - is found, exists, is present

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Root verb. In the middle voice, it means 'to be found, to exist.'

Root: vid (class 4)