योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-23, verse-3

भुशुण्ड उवाच ।
जानन्नपि हि सर्वज्ञ ब्रह्मञ्जिज्ञासयेव माम् ।
पृच्छसि प्रभवो नित्यं भृत्यं वाचालयन्ति हि ॥ ३ ॥

bhuśuṇḍa uvāca ,
jānannapi hi sarvajña brahmañjijñāsayeva mām ,
pṛcchasi prabhavo nityaṃ bhṛtyaṃ vācālayanti hi 3

3. bhuśuṇḍaḥ uvāca jānan api hi sarvajña brahman jijñāsayā
iva mām pṛcchasi prabhavaḥ nityam bhṛtyam vācālayanti hi

3. bhuśuṇḍaḥ uvāca sarvajña brahman jānan api hi jijñāsayā
iva mām pṛcchasi hi prabhavaḥ nityam bhṛtyam vācālayanti

3. Bhuśuṇḍa said: 'O all-knowing (sarvajña) one, O Brāhmaṇa, even though you already know, you ask me as if out of curiosity. Indeed, powerful persons (prabhava) always make their servants speak.'

Words meanings summery:

• भुशुण्डः (bhuśuṇḍaḥ) - Bhuśuṇḍa (a sage in the form of a crow, known for longevity and wisdom)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• सर्वज्ञ (sarvajña) - O all-knowing one

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - addressed to a learned person (O Brāhmaṇa, O Brahmā)

• जिज्ञासया (jijñāsayā) - with a desire to know, out of curiosity

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as, as it were

• माम् (mām) - me

• पृच्छसि (pṛcchasi) - you ask

• प्रभवः (prabhavaḥ) - powerful ones, masters, lords

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• भृत्यम् (bhṛtyam) - servant

• वाचालयन्ति (vācālayanti) - they make talkative, they cause to speak

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

Words meanings and morphology

भुशुण्डः (bhuśuṇḍaḥ) - Bhuśuṇḍa (a sage in the form of a crow, known for longevity and wisdom)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhuśuṇḍa

bhuśuṇḍa - Bhuśuṇḍa (a legendary crow-sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

From root vac (to speak), perfect 3rd singular active.

Root: vac (class 2)

जानन् (jānan) - knowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, understanding

Present Active Participle

From root jñā (to know), with śatṛ suffix, nominative singular masculine.

Root: jñā (class 9)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes jānan.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Used twice in the verse for emphasis.

सर्वज्ञ (sarvajña) - O all-knowing one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sarvajña

sarvajña - all-knowing, omniscient

Compound sarva (all) + jña (knowing, from jñā).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+jña)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• jña – knowing, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Addresses the listener.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - addressed to a learned person (O Brāhmaṇa, O Brahmā)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brāhmaṇa (priest), Brahmā (creator god), sacred word, absolute reality (brahman)

n-stem noun.

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Addresses the listener.

जिज्ञासया (jijñāsayā) - with a desire to know, out of curiosity

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jijñāsā

jijñāsā - desire to know, curiosity, inquiry

Desiderative

From desiderative stem of jñā (to know), suffix -ā.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Indicates the manner of asking.

इव (iva) - as if, like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

Particle.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

First person pronoun.

Note: Object of pṛcchasi.

पृच्छसि (pṛcchasi) - you ask

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pracch

Present Tense

From root pracch (to ask), 2nd singular active.

Root: pracch (class 6)

Note: Subject is implied 'you'.

प्रभवः (prabhavaḥ) - powerful ones, masters, lords

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prabhava

prabhava - origin, source, power, master, lord, mighty

From prefix pra + root bhū (to be, become).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of vācālayanti.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

Often used adverbially.

Note: Adverbial accusative.

भृत्यम् (bhṛtyam) - servant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhṛtya

bhṛtya - servant, dependent, one to be maintained

Gerundive

From root bhṛ (to bear, support), with suffix -tya.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

वाचालयन्ति (vācālayanti) - they make talkative, they cause to speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vācālay

Causative Present Tense

Causative of vācāl (talkative, from vāc). 3rd plural active.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject prabhavaḥ.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Used twice in the verse for emphasis.