योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-84, verse-46

त्यक्तोपमानममनोज्ञपदं दुरापं क्षुब्धं धराविधुरितं विनिगीर्णवर्णम् ।
श्रोतुर्न याति हृदयं प्रविनाशमेति वाक्यं किलाज्यमिव भस्मनि हूयमानम् ॥ ४६ ॥

tyaktopamānamamanojñapadaṃ durāpaṃ kṣubdhaṃ dharāvidhuritaṃ vinigīrṇavarṇam ,
śroturna yāti hṛdayaṃ pravināśameti vākyaṃ kilājyamiva bhasmani hūyamānam 46

46. tyaktopamānam amanōjñapadam durāpam
kṣubdham dharāvidhuritam vinigīrṇavarṇam
śrotuḥ na yāti hṛdayam pravināśam eti
vākyam kila ājyam iva bhasmani hūyamānam

46. vākyam tyaktopamānam amanōjñapadam
durāpam kṣubdham dharāvidhuritam vinigīrṇavarṇam
śrotuḥ hṛdayam na yāti pravināśam
eti kila bhasmani hūyamānam ājyam iva

46. A statement that lacks similes, contains unpleasant words, is difficult to comprehend, incoherent, disjointed, and pronounced indistinctly, fails to reach the listener's heart and is wasted, like an offering of ghee poured into ashes.

Words meanings summery:

• त्यक्तोपमानम् (tyaktopamānam) - devoid of comparisons/similes

• अमन्ओज्ञपदम् (amanōjñapadam) - having unpleasant words

• दुरापम् (durāpam) - difficult to obtain/grasp

• क्षुब्धम् (kṣubdham) - agitated, disturbed, incoherent

• धराविधुरितम् (dharāvidhuritam) - disconnected, disorganized, deprived of its basis/support

• विनिगीर्णवर्णम् (vinigīrṇavarṇam) - with swallowed/indistinct syllables

• श्रोतुः (śrotuḥ) - of the listener

• न (na) - not, no

• याति (yāti) - goes, reaches

• हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart

• प्रविनाशम् (pravināśam) - destruction, utter ruin

• एति (eti) - goes, attains, reaches

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, speech

• किल (kila) - indeed, certainly

• आज्यम् (ājyam) - ghee, clarified butter

• इव (iva) - like, as

• भस्मनि (bhasmani) - in ashes

• हूयमानम् (hūyamānam) - being offered, being sacrificed

Words meanings and morphology

त्यक्तोपमानम् (tyaktopamānam) - devoid of comparisons/similes

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tyaktopamāna

tyaktopamāna - that which has abandoned comparisons; devoid of similes

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (tyakta+upamāna)

• tyakta – abandoned, given up, renounced
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'tyaj' (to abandon)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• upamāna – comparison, simile, analogy
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'mā' with prefix 'upa'
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)

अमन्ओज्ञपदम् (amanōjñapadam) - having unpleasant words

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of amanōjñapada

amanōjñapada - having disagreeable words; composed of inelegant terms

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (amanōjña+pada)

• amanōjña – unpleasant, disagreeable
  adjective
• pada – word, step, foot, place
  noun (neuter)

दुरापम् (durāpam) - difficult to obtain/grasp

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of durāpa

durāpa - difficult to obtain; hard to reach; inaccessible

Compound type : Tatpurusha (dur+āpa)

• dur – difficult, bad, ill
  indeclinable
• āpa – obtainable, reachable
  adjective
  Agentive/Gerundive (formed with -a suffix)
  Derived from root 'āp' with suffix '-a'
  Root: āp (class 5)

क्षुब्धम् (kṣubdham) - agitated, disturbed, incoherent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣubdha

kṣubdha - agitated, disturbed, shaken

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kṣubh' (to agitate, to be agitated)

Root: kṣubh (class 1)

धराविधुरितम् (dharāvidhuritam) - disconnected, disorganized, deprived of its basis/support

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dharāvidhurita

dharāvidhurita - deprived of its support/base; disorganized, unsteady

Compound type : Tatpurusha (dharā+vidhurita)

• dharā – earth, ground, support
  noun (feminine)
• vidhurita – deprived, afflicted, separated, distraught
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dhur' (to bear) with prefix 'vi', or from 'vidhura'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhur

विनिगीर्णवर्णम् (vinigīrṇavarṇam) - with swallowed/indistinct syllables

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vinigīrṇavarṇa

vinigīrṇavarṇa - having indistinct or swallowed syllables

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (vinigīrṇa+varṇa)

• vinigīrṇa – swallowed, indistinctly uttered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gṛ' (to swallow) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ni'
  Prefixes: vi+ni
  Root: gṛ (class 6)
• varṇa – syllable, letter, color, caste
  noun (masculine)

श्रोतुः (śrotuḥ) - of the listener

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śrotṛ

śrotṛ - listener, hearer

Agent noun

Derived from root 'śru' (to hear) with agent suffix '-tṛ'

Root: śru (class 5)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

याति (yāti) - goes, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, core, essence

प्रविनाशम् (pravināśam) - destruction, utter ruin

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pravināśa

pravināśa - destruction, ruin, annihilation

Derived from root 'naś' (to perish) with prefixes 'pra' and 'vi'

Prefixes: pra+vi

Root: naś (class 4)

एति (eti) - goes, attains, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of i

Root: i (class 2)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, speech

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - statement, sentence, speech, word

किल (kila) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

आज्यम् (ājyam) - ghee, clarified butter

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ājya

ājya - ghee, clarified butter, sacrificial butter

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

भस्मनि (bhasmani) - in ashes

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhasman

bhasman - ash, cinder

हूयमानम् (hūyamānam) - being offered, being sacrificed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hūyamāna

hūyamāna - being offered (as oblation), being sacrificed

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'hu' (to offer, sacrifice) with passive suffix '-yamāna'

Root: hu (class 3)

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