योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-120, verse-21

संसारनद्याः सुतरङ्गभङ्गैः क्रियाविलासैर्विहितोपहासैः ।
किं नाम तुच्छं न कृतं नृपेशो यद्योजितः पुष्कसकन्यकायाम् ॥ २१ ॥

saṃsāranadyāḥ sutaraṅgabhaṅgaiḥ kriyāvilāsairvihitopahāsaiḥ ,
kiṃ nāma tucchaṃ na kṛtaṃ nṛpeśo yadyojitaḥ puṣkasakanyakāyām 21

21. saṃsāranadyāḥ sutaraṅgabhaṅgaiḥ
kriyāvilāsaiḥ vihitopahāsaiḥ |
kim nāma tuccham na kṛtam nṛpeśaḥ
yat yojitaḥ puṣkasakanyakāyām ||

21. saṃsāranadyāḥ sutaraṅgabhaṅgaiḥ
kriyāvilāsaiḥ vihitopahāsaiḥ
kim nāma tuccham na kṛtam yat
nṛpeśaḥ puṣkasakanyakāyām yojitaḥ

21. Through the turbulent, breaking waves, the playful acts, and the scorn-inviting deeds of the river of transmigratory existence (saṃsāra), what trivial thing has not been accomplished, that the great king was joined with a girl of the Puṣkasa (low-caste) community?

Words meanings summery:

• संसारनद्याः (saṁsāranadyāḥ) - of the river of (saṃsāra) (of the river of transmigratory existence)

• सुतरङ्गभङ्गैः (sutaraṅgabhaṅgaiḥ) - by the turbulent, breaking waves (by the breaking of good/beautiful/turbulent waves)

• क्रियाविलासैः (kriyāvilāsaiḥ) - by playful actions (by playful actions, by sportive movements)

• विहितोपहासैः (vihitopahāsaiḥ) - by scorn-inviting deeds (by actions causing ridicule, by scorn-inviting deeds)

• किम् (kim) - what (what, why, whether)

• नाम (nāma) - (emphatic particle) (indeed, truly, namely, by name)

• तुच्छम् (tuccham) - trivial (thing) (trivial, insignificant, worthless, empty)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done (done, made, performed)

• नृपेशः (nṛpeśaḥ) - the great king (the king, lord of men)

• यत् (yat) - that (conjunction introducing a clause) (that, because, which (relative pronoun))

• योजितः (yojitaḥ) - united (with) (joined, united, employed, yoked)

• पुष्कसकन्यकायाम् (puṣkasakanyakāyām) - with a Puṣkasa girl (in a Puṣkasa girl, with a Puṣkasa girl)

Words meanings and morphology

संसारनद्याः (saṁsāranadyāḥ) - of the river of (saṃsāra) (of the river of transmigratory existence)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of saṃsāranadī

saṁsāranadī - the river of transmigration (saṃsāra), the stream of worldly existence

Tatpurusha compound: saṃsāra (transmigration) + nadī (river).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (saṃsāra+nadī)

• saṃsāra – transmigration, cycle of rebirth, worldly existence (saṃsāra)
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-sṛ (to flow together, run through).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)
  Root: nad (class 1)

सुतरङ्गभङ्गैः (sutaraṅgabhaṅgaiḥ) - by the turbulent, breaking waves (by the breaking of good/beautiful/turbulent waves)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sutaraṅgabhaṅga

sutaraṅgabhaṅga - breaking of good/great/turbulent waves

Tatpurusha compound: su-taraṅga (good/great/turbulent wave) + bhaṅga (breaking). 'su' here indicates intensity rather than inherent goodness.

Compound type : Tatpurusha (sutaraṅga+bhaṅga)

• sutaraṅga – great/turbulent wave
  noun (masculine)
  Karmadhāraya compound: su (good/great) + taraṅga (wave).
  Prefix: su
  Root: tṝ (class 1)
• bhaṅga – breaking, shattering, fraud, defeat
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhañj (to break).
  Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Refers to the waves of saṃsāranadī.

क्रियाविलासैः (kriyāvilāsaiḥ) - by playful actions (by playful actions, by sportive movements)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kriyāvilāsa

kriyāvilāsa - playful action, sportive movement, coquettish gesture

Tatpurusha compound: kriyā (action) + vilāsa (play, sport).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (kriyā+vilāsa)

• kriyā – action, deed, ritual, activity
  noun (feminine)
  From root kṛ (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• vilāsa – play, sport, amusement, coquetry
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-las (to sport, play).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: las (class 1)

विहितोपहासैः (vihitopahāsaiḥ) - by scorn-inviting deeds (by actions causing ridicule, by scorn-inviting deeds)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vihitopahāsa

vihitopahāsa - causing ridicule, inviting scorn, mocked act

Bahuvrihi compound: 'that by which ridicule (upahāsa) is caused/performed (vihita)'. Used adjectivally.

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (vihita+upahāsa)

• vihita – performed, caused, done, placed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi-dhā + kta suffix.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• upahāsa – ridicule, mockery, laughter
  noun (masculine)
  From upa-has (to laugh at).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: has (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kriyāvilāsaiḥ.

किम् (kim) - what (what, why, whether)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

Neuter nominative/accusative singular.

नाम (nāma) - (emphatic particle) (indeed, truly, namely, by name)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'kim' to intensify the question.

तुच्छम् (tuccham) - trivial (thing) (trivial, insignificant, worthless, empty)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tuccha

tuccha - trivial, insignificant, worthless, empty, small

Root: tuch

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do) + kta suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नृपेशः (nṛpeśaḥ) - the great king (the king, lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpeśa

nṛpeśa - king, lord of men, sovereign

Tatpurusha compound: nṛpa (king) + īśa (lord). nṛpa itself is from nṛ (man) + pa (protector).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (nṛpa+īśa)

• nṛpa – king, protector of men
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpurusha compound: nṛ (man) + pa (protector).
  Root: pā (class 2)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root īś (to rule).
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'yojitaḥ'.

यत् (yat) - that (conjunction introducing a clause) (that, because, which (relative pronoun))

(indeclinable)

Neuter nominative singular, or used as an indeclinable conjunction.

Note: Introduces the consequence.

योजितः (yojitaḥ) - united (with) (joined, united, employed, yoked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yojita

yojita - joined, united, yoked, employed, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to join) + ṇic (causative) + kta suffix.

Root: yuj (class 7)

पुष्कसकन्यकायाम् (puṣkasakanyakāyām) - with a Puṣkasa girl (in a Puṣkasa girl, with a Puṣkasa girl)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of puṣkasakanyakā

puṣkasakanyakā - a girl of the Puṣkasa community (a low-caste community)

Tatpurusha compound: puṣkasa (name of a low caste) + kanyakā (girl).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (puṣkasa+kanyakā)

• puṣkasa – a member of a low or mixed caste (often hunters/scavengers)
  noun (masculine)
• kanyakā – girl, virgin, maiden
  noun (feminine)
  Diminutive of kanyā.

Note: Locative implies 'in relation to' or 'with'.