योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-120, verse-14

हा पुत्रि पुत्रावृतसर्वगात्रे दिनत्रयाभोजनजर्जराङ्गि ।
कृत्वासिना वर्मणि जीर्णदेहाः कथं क्व मुक्ता भवतासवस्ते ॥ १४ ॥

hā putri putrāvṛtasarvagātre dinatrayābhojanajarjarāṅgi ,
kṛtvāsinā varmaṇi jīrṇadehāḥ kathaṃ kva muktā bhavatāsavaste 14

14. hā putrī putrā-āvṛta-sarva-gātre
dina-traya-ābhojana-jarjara-aṅgi
kṛtvā asinā varmaṇi jīrṇa-dehāḥ
katham kva muktāḥ bhavatā asavaḥ te

14. putrī hā putrā-āvṛta-sarva-gātre
dina-traya-ābhojana-jarjara-aṅgi
varmaṇi asinā kṛtvā jīrṇa-dehāḥ te
asavaḥ kathaṃ kva bhavatā muktāḥ

14. Alas, daughter, whose entire body is covered by children, whose limbs are withered by three days of not eating! How and where were the lives of those (warriors), who became worn-out bodies from wielding swords on the battlefield, freed by You (O Destiny)?

Words meanings summery:

• हा (hā) - an exclamation of sorrow or lament (alas, ah, oh)

• पुत्री (putrī) - The speaker (mother) is addressing her daughter. (O daughter)

• पुत्रा-आवृत-सर्व-गात्रे (putrā-āvṛta-sarva-gātre) - Describing the daughter as being surrounded or covered by her children, perhaps in a protective or clinging manner. (whose entire body is covered by children/sons)

• दिन-त्रय-आभोजन-जर्जर-अङ्गि (dina-traya-ābhojana-jarjara-aṅgi) - Describing the daughter's emaciated and weakened state due to prolonged starvation. (whose limbs are worn out by three days of not eating)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having fought (with swords) (having done, having made, having performed)

• असिना (asinā) - by wielding a sword (by a sword, with a sword)

• वर्मणि (varmaṇi) - on the battlefield (as a location for combat) (on the armor, on the battlefield)

• जीर्ण-देहाः (jīrṇa-dehāḥ) - referring to the bodies of the fallen warriors (worn-out bodies, dilapidated bodies)

• कथम् (katham) - how? (how? in what way?)

• क्व (kva) - where?

• मुक्ताः (muktāḥ) - released from life, passed away (freed, released)

• भवता (bhavatā) - by You (O Destiny/Fate/Lord) (by you (respectful), by being, by existence, by fate)

• असवः (asavaḥ) - lives (lives, breaths, vital airs)

• ते (te) - their (referring to the lives of the fallen warriors) (their, those)

Words meanings and morphology

हा (hā) - an exclamation of sorrow or lament (alas, ah, oh)

(indeclinable)

पुत्री (putrī) - The speaker (mother) is addressing her daughter. (O daughter)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of putrī

putrī - daughter

पुत्रा-आवृत-सर्व-गात्रे (putrā-āvṛta-sarva-gātre) - Describing the daughter as being surrounded or covered by her children, perhaps in a protective or clinging manner. (whose entire body is covered by children/sons)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of putrā-āvṛta-sarva-gātra

putrā-āvṛta-sarva-gātra - one whose entire body is covered by children/sons

Compound formed from "putra" (son/child), "āvṛta" (covered), "sarva" (all/entire), and "gātra" (body).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (putra+āvṛta+sarva+gātra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• āvṛta – covered, surrounded
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √vṛ (to cover) with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• sarva – all, entire
  pronoun
• gātra – limb, body
  noun (neuter)

Note: Compound functioning as an adjective for the daughter.

दिन-त्रय-आभोजन-जर्जर-अङ्गि (dina-traya-ābhojana-jarjara-aṅgi) - Describing the daughter's emaciated and weakened state due to prolonged starvation. (whose limbs are worn out by three days of not eating)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of dina-traya-ābhojana-jarjara-aṅga

dina-traya-ābhojana-jarjara-aṅga - one whose limbs are worn out by three days of not eating

Compound formed from "dina-traya" (three days), "ābhojana" (not eating/fasting), "jarjara" (worn out/withered), and "aṅga" (limb/body).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dina-traya+ābhojana+jarjara+aṅga)

• dina-traya – three days
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of dina (day) and traya (group of three).
• ābhojana – not eating, fasting
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from ā- √bhuj (to eat)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: bhuj (class 7)
• jarjara – worn out, withered, decrepit
  adjective
  Reduplicated adjective
• aṅga – limb, body part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Compound functioning as an adjective for the daughter.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having fought (with swords) (having done, having made, having performed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

असिना (asinā) - by wielding a sword (by a sword, with a sword)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of asi

asi - sword

वर्मणि (varmaṇi) - on the battlefield (as a location for combat) (on the armor, on the battlefield)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of varman

varman - armor, shield, protective covering; also battlefield in certain contexts

Root: vṛ (class 5)

जीर्ण-देहाः (jīrṇa-dehāḥ) - referring to the bodies of the fallen warriors (worn-out bodies, dilapidated bodies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jīrṇa-deha

jīrṇa-deha - worn-out body, dilapidated body

Compound of jīrṇa (worn out) and deha (body).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (jīrṇa+deha)

• jīrṇa – worn out, old, digested
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √jṝ (to wear out, decay)
  Root: jṝ (class 9)
• deha – body
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used here as a substantive, referring to 'those whose bodies were worn out'.

कथम् (katham) - how? (how? in what way?)

(indeclinable)

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

मुक्ताः (muktāḥ) - released from life, passed away (freed, released)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mukta

mukta - freed, released, liberated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √muc (to free, release)

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'asavaḥ'.

भवता (bhavatā) - by You (O Destiny/Fate/Lord) (by you (respectful), by being, by existence, by fate)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful); being, existing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √bhū (to be, become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to a higher power or destiny in this context.

असवः (asavaḥ) - lives (lives, breaths, vital airs)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asu

asu - breath, life, vital spirit

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'muktāḥ'.

ते (te) - their (referring to the lives of the fallen warriors) (their, those)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Possessive pronoun agreeing with 'asavaḥ'.