वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-17, verse-18

सो ऽब्रवीद् रावणस्तत्र तां कन्यां सुमहाव्रताम् ।
अवरुह्य विमानाग्रात् कन्दर्पशरपीडितः ॥१८॥

18. so'bravīd rāvaṇastatra tāṃ kanyāṃ sumahāvratām ,
avaruhya vimānāgrāt kandarpaśarapīḍitaḥ.

18. saḥ abravīt rāvaṇaḥ tatra tām kanyām sumahāvratām
avaruhya vimānāgrāt kandarpaśarapīḍitaḥ

18. There, Rāvaṇa, afflicted by the arrows of Kāmadeva, having descended from the top of his aerial chariot, spoke to that maiden of great vows.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then

• ताम् (tām) - that (feminine)

• कन्याम् (kanyām) - maiden, girl, daughter

• सुमहाव्रताम् (sumahāvratām) - (feminine) having very great vows, of great vows

• अवरुह्य (avaruhya) - having descended, having dismounted

• विमानाग्रात् (vimānāgrāt) - from the top of the aerial chariot

• कन्दर्पशरपीडितः (kandarpaśarapīḍitaḥ) - afflicted by the arrows of Kāmadeva (god of love)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name, king of Laṅkā)

तत्र (tatra) - there, then

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

कन्याम् (kanyām) - maiden, girl, daughter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - maiden, girl, daughter, virgin

सुमहाव्रताम् (sumahāvratām) - (feminine) having very great vows, of great vows

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sumahāvrata

sumahāvrata - having very great vows or religious observances

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+mahat+vrata)

• su – good, excellent, very, well
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred rule
  noun (neuter)

अवरुह्य (avaruhya) - having descended, having dismounted

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From ava- + √ruh (to ascend, with ava- prefix meaning 'down', thus to descend)

Prefix: ava

Root: ruh (class 1)

विमानाग्रात् (vimānāgrāt) - from the top of the aerial chariot

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vimānāgra

vimānāgra - top or summit of an aerial chariot/celestial car

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vimāna+agra)

• vimāna – aerial chariot, celestial car, airplane
  noun (neuter)
• agra – top, summit, front, tip
  noun (neuter)

कन्दर्पशरपीडितः (kandarpaśarapīḍitaḥ) - afflicted by the arrows of Kāmadeva (god of love)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kandarpaśarapīḍita

kandarpaśarapīḍita - afflicted by the arrows of Kāmadeva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kandarpa+śara+pīḍita)

• kandarpa – Kāmadeva (god of love and desire)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
• pīḍita – afflicted, tormented, oppressed, troubled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √pīḍ (to oppress, torment)
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)