वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-91, verse-13

तच्छूलं परमक्रुद्धो मध्ये जग्राह वीर्यवान् ।
अनेकैः समरे शूरै राक्षसैः परिवारितः ॥१३॥

13. tacchūlaṃ paramakruddho madhye jagrāha vīryavān ,
anekaiḥ samare śūrai rākṣasaiḥ parivāritaḥ.

13. tat śūlam paramakruddhaḥ madhye jagrāha vīryavān
anekaiḥ samare śūraiḥ rākṣasaiḥ parivāritaḥ

13. Exceedingly enraged, that powerful one seized the spear, surrounded in the battle by many brave demons.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

• शूलम् (śūlam) - spear (spear, pike, dart)

• परमक्रुद्धः (paramakruddhaḥ) - exceedingly enraged (exceedingly enraged, very angry)

• मध्ये (madhye) - amidst (in the middle, amidst, between)

• जग्राह (jagrāha) - seized (seized, grasped, took)

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful one (powerful, valorous, heroic)

• अनेकैः (anekaiḥ) - by many (by many, by numerous)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by brave ones (by brave ones, by heroes)

• राक्षसैः (rākṣasaiḥ) - by demons (by demons, by Rākṣasas)

• परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Accusative singular neuter of 'tad'.

शूलम् (śūlam) - spear (spear, pike, dart)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śūla

śūla - spear, pike, dart; pain, agony

Note: Direct object of 'jagrāha'.

परमक्रुद्धः (paramakruddhaḥ) - exceedingly enraged (exceedingly enraged, very angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramakruddha

paramakruddha - exceedingly enraged, very angry

Compound of parama and kruddha

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+kruddha)

• parama – highest, supreme, excellent, extreme
  adjective (masculine)
• kruddha – enraged, angry
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √kruḍh (क्रुध्)
  Root: kruḍh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject.

मध्ये (madhye) - amidst (in the middle, amidst, between)

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative form used as an adverb.

जग्राह (jagrāha) - seized (seized, grasped, took)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √grah

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Perfect 3rd singular active of √grah.

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful one (powerful, valorous, heroic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valorous, heroic

possessive suffix -vat

Note: Nominative singular masculine, referring to the subject.

अनेकैः (anekaiḥ) - by many (by many, by numerous)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aneka

aneka - many, numerous, not one

compound of a (negation) + eka (one)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+eka)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• eka – one, single
  numeral (masculine)

Note: Instrumental plural masculine, agrees with 'śūraiḥ rākṣasaiḥ'.

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, conflict, war

Prefix: sam

Root: √ṛ (class 3)

Note: Locative singular masculine.

शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by brave ones (by brave ones, by heroes)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, hero

Note: Instrumental plural masculine, agrees with 'anekaiḥ' and 'rākṣasaiḥ'.

राक्षसैः (rākṣasaiḥ) - by demons (by demons, by Rākṣasas)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, Rākṣasa

Note: Instrumental plural masculine, agrees with 'anekaiḥ' and 'śūraiḥ'.

परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivārita

parivārita - surrounded, encompassed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vṛ (वृ) with prefix pari (परि)

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Nominative singular masculine, qualifies the implied subject.