वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-32, verse-12

आप्लवन्तः प्लवन्तश्च गर्जन्तश्च प्लवंगमाः ।
लङ्कां तामभ्यवर्तन्त महावारणसंनिभाः ॥१२॥

12. āplavantaḥ plavantaśca garjantaśca plavaṃgamāḥ ,
laṅkāṃ tāmabhyavartanta mahāvāraṇasaṃnibhāḥ.

12. āplavantaḥ plavantaḥ ca garjantaḥ ca plavaṅgamāḥ
laṅkām tām abhyavartanta mahāvāraṇasaṃnibhāḥ

12. mahāvāraṇasaṃnibhāḥ plavaṅgamāḥ āplavantaḥ ca
plavantaḥ ca garjantaḥ tām laṅkām abhyavartanta

12. The monkeys, resembling mighty elephants, leaping about, jumping, and roaring, advanced upon that Laṅkā.

Words meanings summery:

• आप्लवन्तः (āplavantaḥ) - leaping upon, attacking, plunging into

• प्लवन्तः (plavantaḥ) - leaping, jumping, floating

• च (ca) - and

• गर्जन्तः (garjantaḥ) - roaring, thundering

• च (ca) - and

• प्लवङ्गमाः (plavaṅgamāḥ) - monkeys

• लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Laṅkā

• ताम् (tām) - that

• अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they advanced towards, they attacked

• महावारणसंनिभाः (mahāvāraṇasaṁnibhāḥ) - resembling great elephants

Words meanings and morphology

आप्लवन्तः (āplavantaḥ) - leaping upon, attacking, plunging into

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āplavat

āplavat - one who leaps upon/plunges into

present active participle

derived from root plu with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'plavaṅgamāḥ'.

प्लवन्तः (plavantaḥ) - leaping, jumping, floating

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavat

plavat - one who leaps/jumps, floating, swimming

present active participle

derived from root plu

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'plavaṅgamāḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects participles.

गर्जन्तः (garjantaḥ) - roaring, thundering

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of garjat

garjat - one who roars/thunders

present active participle

derived from root garj

Root: garj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'plavaṅgamāḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects participles.

प्लवङ्गमाः (plavaṅgamāḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavaṅgama

plavaṅgama - monkey

literally 'one who goes by leaping'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (plava+gama)

• plava – leaping, jumping
  noun (masculine)
  Root: plu (class 1)
• gama – going
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root gam
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'abhyavartanta'.

लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Laṅkā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - the city of Laṅkā (mythical capital of Rāvaṇa)

Note: Object of motion towards.

ताम् (tām) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Qualifies 'laṅkām'.

अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they advanced towards, they attacked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

imperfect, ātmanepada, 3rd person plural

root vṛt with prefixes abhi and ā

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

महावारणसंनिभाः (mahāvāraṇasaṁnibhāḥ) - resembling great elephants

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāvāraṇasaṃnibha

mahāvāraṇasaṁnibha - resembling a great elephant

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vāraṇa+saṃnibha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• vāraṇa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• saṃnibha – resembling, like
  adjective (masculine)
  from prefix sam + root bhā 'to shine'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'plavaṅgamāḥ'.