वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-32, verse-10

ततः सहस्रयूथाश्च कोटियूथाश्च यूथपाः ।
कोटीशतयुताश्चान्ये लङ्कामारुरुहुस्तदा ॥१०॥

10. tataḥ sahasrayūthāśca koṭiyūthāśca yūthapāḥ ,
koṭīśatayutāścānye laṅkāmāruruhustadā.

10. tataḥ sahasrayūthāḥ ca koṭiyūthāḥ ca yūthapāḥ
koṭīśatayutāḥ ca anye laṅkām āruruhuḥ tadā

10. tataḥ tadā yūthapāḥ (sahasrayūthāḥ ca koṭiyūthāḥ
ca anye koṭīśatayutāḥ ca) laṅkām āruruhuḥ

10. Then, the commanders, some with thousands of troops, others with millions, and still others accompanied by hundreds of millions, ascended to Laṅkā.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• सहस्रयूथाः (sahasrayūthāḥ) - those with thousands of groups/troops

• च (ca) - and

• कोटियूथाः (koṭiyūthāḥ) - those with millions/crores of groups/troops

• च (ca) - and

• यूथपाः (yūthapāḥ) - group leaders, commanders

• कोटीशतयुताः (koṭīśatayutāḥ) - joined with hundreds of millions/crores, having hundreds of millions/crores

• च (ca) - and

• अन्ये (anye) - others

• लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - to Laṅkā

• आरुरुहुः (āruruhuḥ) - they ascended, they climbed

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

सहस्रयूथाः (sahasrayūthāḥ) - those with thousands of groups/troops

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahasrayūtha

sahasrayūtha - having a thousand troops/groups

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sahasra+yūtha)

• sahasra – thousand
  numeral (neuter)
• yūtha – group, troop, herd, battalion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes the commanders/monkeys.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

कोटियूथाः (koṭiyūthāḥ) - those with millions/crores of groups/troops

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of koṭiyūtha

koṭiyūtha - having millions/crores of troops/groups

Compound type : bahuvrihi (koṭi+yūtha)

• koṭi – ten million, crore
  numeral (feminine)
• yūtha – group, troop, herd, battalion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes the commanders/monkeys.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यूथपाः (yūthapāḥ) - group leaders, commanders

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yūthapa

yūthapa - leader of a group/herd/battalion

Compound type : tatpurusha (yūtha+pa)

• yūtha – group, troop, herd, battalion
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, keeper, ruler, drinking
  suffix/noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect/govern)
  Derived from root pā (to protect, govern)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'āruruhuḥ'.

कोटीशतयुताः (koṭīśatayutāḥ) - joined with hundreds of millions/crores, having hundreds of millions/crores

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of koṭīśatayuta

koṭīśatayuta - joined with/having a hundred crores (i.e. a billion)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (koṭi+śata+āyuta)

• koṭi – ten million, crore
  numeral (feminine)
• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• āyuta – joined, connected, equipped with, accompanied by
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yu (to join) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yu (class 2)

Note: Describes 'anye' (others) or implicitly, other commanders.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

Note: Refers to other commanders/monkeys.

लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - to Laṅkā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Laṅkā (proper noun, city name)

Note: Direct object of the verb 'ascended'.

आरुरुहुः (āruruhuḥ) - they ascended, they climbed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ruh

Perfect tense, active voice

Reduplicated perfect 3rd person plural of root ruh (class 1)

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

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