वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-26, verse-17

तपसा भावितात्मानो धर्मस्यानुग्रहे रताः ।
मुख्यैर्यज्ञैर्यजन्त्येते नित्यं तैस्तैर्द्विजातयः ॥१७॥

17. tapasā bhāvitātmāno dharmasyānugrahe ratāḥ ,
mukhyairyajñairyajantyete nityaṃ taistairdvijātayaḥ.

17. tapasā bhāvitātmānaḥ dharmasya anugrahe ratāḥ mukhyaiḥ
yajñaiḥ yajanti ete nityam taiḥ taiḥ dvijātayaḥ

17. ete dvijātayaḥ tapasā bhāvitātmānaḥ dharmasya anugrahe
ratāḥ nityam taiḥ taiḥ mukhyaiḥ yajñaiḥ yajanti

17. Those whose inner self (ātman) has been purified by asceticism (tapas), and who are devoted to upholding natural law (dharma), these twice-born constantly perform various principal Vedic rituals.

Words meanings summery:

• तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas) (by asceticism, by penance, by spiritual austerity)

• भावितात्मानः (bhāvitātmānaḥ) - whose inner self (ātman) has been purified (whose self is cultivated/purified, whose spirit is developed)

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law (dharma) (of natural law, of constitution, of righteousness, of duty)

• अनुग्रहे (anugrahe) - in upholding, in protection (in favor, in kindness, in protection, in upholding)

• रताः (ratāḥ) - devoted, engaged (devoted, engaged, delighting in)

• मुख्यैः (mukhyaiḥ) - by principal (by chief, by principal, by primary)

• यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by Vedic rituals (by Vedic rituals, by sacrifices, by worships)

• यजन्ति (yajanti) - they perform Vedic rituals (they perform Vedic rituals, they worship, they sacrifice)

• एते (ete) - these (sages/twice-born) (these (masculine plural nominative))

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (constantly, perpetually, always)

• तैः (taiḥ) - with those (rituals) (by them, with those)

• तैः (taiḥ) - with those (rituals) (by them, with those)

• द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (sages) (the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas))

Words meanings and morphology

तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas) (by asceticism, by penance, by spiritual austerity)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, penance, spiritual austerity, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

भावितात्मानः (bhāvitātmānaḥ) - whose inner self (ātman) has been purified (whose self is cultivated/purified, whose spirit is developed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhāvitātman

bhāvitātman - one whose self is cultivated/purified/developed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhāvita+ātman)

• bhāvita – cultivated, developed, purified, affected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From causative of √bhū (to be) or from √bhā (to appear)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'dvijātayaḥ' (the twice-born).

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law (dharma) (of natural law, of constitution, of righteousness, of duty)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature

From √dhṛ (to support, uphold)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'anugrahe'.

अनुग्रहे (anugrahe) - in upholding, in protection (in favor, in kindness, in protection, in upholding)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anugraha

anugraha - favor, kindness, grace, help, protection, upholding

From anu-√grah (to seize, favor)

Prefix: anu

Root: grah (class 9)

रताः (ratāḥ) - devoted, engaged (devoted, engaged, delighting in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rata

rata - devoted to, engaged in, pleased, delighting in

Past Passive Participle

From √ram (to delight, enjoy, be pleased)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'dvijātayaḥ'.

मुख्यैः (mukhyaiḥ) - by principal (by chief, by principal, by primary)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mukhya

mukhya - chief, principal, primary, important

From mukha (face, mouth, chief)

यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by Vedic rituals (by Vedic rituals, by sacrifices, by worships)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, worship, offering

From √yaj (to sacrifice, worship)

Root: yaj (class 1)

यजन्ति (yajanti) - they perform Vedic rituals (they perform Vedic rituals, they worship, they sacrifice)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yaj

Present tense, active voice

Class 1 verb.

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'ete dvijātayaḥ'.

एते (ete) - these (sages/twice-born) (these (masculine plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Subject for 'yajanti'.

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (constantly, perpetually, always)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'yajanti'.

तैः (taiḥ) - with those (rituals) (by them, with those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Emphatic repetition 'taiḥ taiḥ'.

तैः (taiḥ) - with those (rituals) (by them, with those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Emphatic repetition 'taiḥ taiḥ'.

द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (sages) (the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, snake

From dvi (twice) + jāti (born).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, species, class
  noun (feminine)
  From √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'yajanti'.