वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-26, verse-13

धर्मो वै ग्रसते ऽधर्मं ततः कृतमभूद् युगम् ।
अधर्मो ग्रसते धर्मं ततस्तिष्यः प्रवर्तते ॥१३॥

13. dharmo vai grasate'dharmaṃ tataḥ kṛtamabhūd yugam ,
adharmo grasate dharmaṃ tatastiṣyaḥ pravartate.

13. dharmaḥ vai grasate adharmam tataḥ kṛtam abhūt yugam
adharmaḥ grasate dharmam tataḥ tiṣyaḥ pravartate

13. vai dharmaḥ adharmam grasate tataḥ kṛtam yugam abhūt.
adharmaḥ dharmam grasate tataḥ tiṣyaḥ pravartate.

13. Indeed, when natural law (dharma) overcomes unrighteousness (adharma), then the Kṛta age (Golden Age) comes into being. When unrighteousness (adharma) overcomes natural law (dharma), then the Tiṣya (Kali) age commences.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (natural law, constitution, righteousness, intrinsic nature, duty, virtue)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely, certainly, truly)

• ग्रसते (grasate) - overcomes (swallows, devours, consumes, overcomes)

• अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness (unrighteousness (accusative))

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore, after that)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - the Kṛta (Golden) age (done, made, performed, the Kṛta age)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - came to be (came to be, was, happened)

• युगम् (yugam) - age, era (age, era, yoke, pair)

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness (unrighteousness, injustice, vice, evil, not natural law)

• ग्रसते (grasate) - overcomes (swallows, devours, consumes, overcomes)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (natural law, righteousness (accusative))

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore, after that)

• तिष्यः (tiṣyaḥ) - the Tiṣya (Kali) age (the Tiṣya (Kali) age; the star Puṣya)

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - commences (commences, proceeds, functions, revolves)

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (natural law, constitution, righteousness, intrinsic nature, duty, virtue)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, intrinsic nature, duty, virtue, custom, religion

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely, certainly, truly)

(indeclinable)

ग्रसते (grasate) - overcomes (swallows, devours, consumes, overcomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gras

Present

From root gras (to eat, devour), 1st conjugation, ātmanepada

Root: gras (class 1)

अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness (unrighteousness (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, vice, evil, not natural law, not constitution

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of a (not) and dharma

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, intrinsic nature, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore, after that)

(indeclinable)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - the Kṛta (Golden) age (done, made, performed, the Kṛta age)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, performed; good deed; the Kṛta age (Golden Age)

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अभूत् (abhūt) - came to be (came to be, was, happened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist

From root bhū (to be), 1st conjugation, parasmaipada. With augment a-.

Prefix: a

Root: bhū (class 1)

युगम् (yugam) - age, era (age, era, yoke, pair)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuga

yuga - age, era, yoke, pair, generation

Root: yuj (class 7)

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness (unrighteousness, injustice, vice, evil, not natural law)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, vice, evil, not natural law, not constitution

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of a (not) and dharma

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, intrinsic nature, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ग्रसते (grasate) - overcomes (swallows, devours, consumes, overcomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gras

Present

From root gras (to eat, devour), 1st conjugation, ātmanepada

Root: gras (class 1)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (natural law, righteousness (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, intrinsic nature, duty, virtue, custom, religion

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore, after that)

(indeclinable)

तिष्यः (tiṣyaḥ) - the Tiṣya (Kali) age (the Tiṣya (Kali) age; the star Puṣya)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tiṣya

tiṣya - name of the fourth yuga (Kali Yuga); a star (Puṣya)

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - commences (commences, proceeds, functions, revolves)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present

From root vṛt (to turn), 1st conjugation, ātmanepada, with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)