वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-26, verse-15

स प्रमादाद्विवृद्धस्ते ऽधर्मो ऽहिर्ग्रसते हि नः ।
विवर्धयति पक्षं च सुराणां सुरभावनः ॥१५॥

15. sa pramādādvivṛddhaste'dharmo'hirgrasate hi naḥ ,
vivardhayati pakṣaṃ ca surāṇāṃ surabhāvanaḥ.

15. saḥ pramādāt vivṛddhaḥ te adharmaḥ ahiḥ grasate hi
naḥ vivardhayati pakṣam ca surāṇām surabhāvanaḥ

15. te saḥ adharmaḥ pramādāt vivṛddhaḥ ahiḥ hi naḥ grasate.
ca (sa adharmaḥ) surabhāvanaḥ surāṇām pakṣam vivardhayati.

15. That unrighteousness (adharma) of yours, grown due to negligence, indeed devours us like a serpent. And that same unrighteousness, fostering the welfare of the gods (surabhāvanaḥ), strengthens the side of the gods.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to adharmaḥ) (he, that)

• प्रमादात् (pramādāt) - due to negligence (from negligence, due to error, carelessly)

• विवृद्धः (vivṛddhaḥ) - grown (large) (grown, increased, greatly developed)

• ते (te) - your (genitive) (to you, your (genitive/dative singular); by you (instrumental singular))

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness (unrighteousness, injustice, vice, evil, not natural law)

• अहिः (ahiḥ) - serpent, snake

• ग्रसते (grasate) - devours (swallows, devours, consumes, overcomes)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because, for)

• नः (naḥ) - us (accusative, object of grasate) (us (accusative/dative/genitive plural))

• विवर्धयति (vivardhayati) - strengthens (causes to grow, strengthens, increases)

• पक्षम् (pakṣam) - side, party (side, party (accusative))

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• सुराणाम् (surāṇām) - of the gods

• सुरभावनः (surabhāvanaḥ) - fostering the welfare of the gods (causing the welfare of gods, cherishing gods, god-favoring)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to adharmaḥ) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

प्रमादात् (pramādāt) - due to negligence (from negligence, due to error, carelessly)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pramāda

pramāda - negligence, carelessness, error, illusion

From root mad (to be intoxicated) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)

विवृद्धः (vivṛddhaḥ) - grown (large) (grown, increased, greatly developed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vivṛddha

vivṛddha - grown, increased, greatly developed, prospered

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛdh (to grow, increase), with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with adharmaḥ

ते (te) - your (genitive) (to you, your (genitive/dative singular); by you (instrumental singular))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular or plural, formal)

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness (unrighteousness, injustice, vice, evil, not natural law)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, vice, evil, not natural law, not constitution

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of a (not) and dharma

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, intrinsic nature, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अहिः (ahiḥ) - serpent, snake

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ahi

ahi - serpent, snake, cloud, Vṛtra

Note: Used in comparison: "adharma like a serpent"

ग्रसते (grasate) - devours (swallows, devours, consumes, overcomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gras

Present

From root gras (to eat, devour), 1st conjugation, ātmanepada

Root: gras (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because, for)

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - us (accusative, object of grasate) (us (accusative/dative/genitive plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

विवर्धयति (vivardhayati) - strengthens (causes to grow, strengthens, increases)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vṛdh

Causative Present

From root vṛdh (to grow), 1st conjugation, parasmaipada, with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Implicit subject is adharmaḥ

पक्षम् (pakṣam) - side, party (side, party (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pakṣa

pakṣa - side, party, faction, wing, fortnight, opinion, argument

Note: Object of vivardhayati

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

सुराणाम् (surāṇām) - of the gods

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

सुरभावनः (surabhāvanaḥ) - fostering the welfare of the gods (causing the welfare of gods, cherishing gods, god-favoring)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of surabhāvana

surabhāvana - one who causes the welfare of gods, god-cherishing, god-favoring

Agent noun/Adjective from causative

Compound noun/adjective. From sura (god) and bhāvana (causing to be, cherishing). From causative root bhū (to be) + ana suffix.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sura+bhāvana)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• bhāvana – causing to be, creating, cherishing, thinking, meditating
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective from causative
  From causative root bhū (to be) + ana suffix
  Root: bhū (class 1)