वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-19, verse-21

आव्रजन्ती ददर्शाथ पतिं निपतितं भुवि ।
हन्तारं दानवेन्द्राणां समरेष्वनिवर्तिनाम् ॥२१॥

21. āvrajantī dadarśātha patiṃ nipatitaṃ bhuvi ,
hantāraṃ dānavendrāṇāṃ samareṣvanivartinām.

21. āvrajantī dadarśa atha patim nipatitam bhuvi
hantāram dānaveindrāṇām samareṣu anivartinām

21. āvrajantī atha sā dadarśa patim bhuvi nipatitam
dānaveindrāṇām anivartinām samareṣu hantāram

21. As she came near, she then saw her husband, the slayer of the demon-chiefs who never retreated in battles, lying fallen on the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• आव्रजन्ती (āvrajantī) - As she (Tārā) approached (approaching, coming near (feminine))

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - she (Tārā) saw (he/she saw)

• अथ (atha) - then, subsequently (then, now, moreover)

• पतिम् (patim) - her husband (Vālin) (husband, lord, master)

• निपतितम् (nipatitam) - fallen (on the ground) (fallen, laid low, struck down)

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth

• हन्तारम् (hantāram) - the slayer (of demons) (the slayer, killer)

• दानवेइन्द्राणाम् (dānaveindrāṇām) - of the demon-chiefs (of the lords of Dānavas, of the chiefs of demons)

• समरेषु (samareṣu) - in battles, in conflicts

• अनिवर्तिनाम् (anivartinām) - of those who never retreated (referring to the demon-chiefs) (of the unretreating ones, of those who do not turn back)

Words meanings and morphology

आव्रजन्ती (āvrajantī) - As she (Tārā) approached (approaching, coming near (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āvrajat

āvrajat - approaching, coming near

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root vraj (class 1) with upasarga ā-, feminine nominative singular.

Prefix: ā

Root: vraj (class 1)

ददर्श (dadarśa) - she (Tārā) saw (he/she saw)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect

Third person singular, active voice, perfect tense of root dṛś (class 1).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, subsequently (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/adverb indicating sequence or initiation.

पतिम् (patim) - her husband (Vālin) (husband, lord, master)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - husband, lord, master, owner

I-stem masculine noun

निपतितम् (nipatitam) - fallen (on the ground) (fallen, laid low, struck down)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen, descended, prostrate, laid low

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root pat (class 1) with upasarga ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, land, world

U-stem feminine noun

Root: bhū (class 1)

हन्तारम् (hantāram) - the slayer (of demons) (the slayer, killer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hantṛ

hantṛ - slayer, killer, destroyer

Agent noun

Agent noun from root han (class 2)

Root: han (class 2)

दानवेइन्द्राणाम् (dānaveindrāṇām) - of the demon-chiefs (of the lords of Dānavas, of the chiefs of demons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dānaveindra

dānaveindra - chief of Dānavas (demons)

Compound: dānava (demon) + indra (lord, chief). Vowel sandhi 'a + i = e'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dānava+indra)

• dānava – demon, son of Danu
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra (proper noun)
  noun (masculine)

समरेषु (samareṣu) - in battles, in conflicts

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict, encounter

Formed from sam + root ṛ (to go)

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛ (class 3)

अनिवर्तिनाम् (anivartinām) - of those who never retreated (referring to the demon-chiefs) (of the unretreating ones, of those who do not turn back)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of anivartin

anivartin - not turning back, unretreating, resolute

Noun/Adjective from root vṛt with prefixes a-ni-

Compound: a- (negative) + ni-vartin (returning, turning back, participle from ni-vṛt). Genitive plural masculine.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nivartin)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• nivartin – returning, ceasing, turning back
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective
  Derived from root vṛt (class 1) with upasarga ni- and suffix -in
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

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