वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-19, verse-18

पुत्रेण मम किं कार्यं किं राज्येन किमात्मना ।
कपिसिंहे महाभागे तस्मिन्भर्तरि नश्यति ॥१८॥

18. putreṇa mama kiṃ kāryaṃ kiṃ rājyena kimātmanā ,
kapisiṃhe mahābhāge tasminbhartari naśyati.

18. putreṇa mama kim kāryam kim rājyena kim ātmanā
kapisiṃhe mahābhāge tasmin bhartari naśyati

18. mama putreṇa kim kāryam rājyena kim ātmanā kim
tasmin mahābhāge kapisiṃhe bhartari naśyati

18. What is the use of a son to me? What is the use of a kingdom? What is the use of my very self (ātman), now that my greatly blessed husband, that lion among monkeys, is perishing?

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by a son, with a son

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• किम् (kim) - what use? (what? why?)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - purpose, use (work, duty, purpose, what is to be done)

• किम् (kim) - what use? (what? why?)

• राज्येन (rājyena) - by a kingdom, with a kingdom

• किम् (kim) - what use? (what? why?)

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by my very self, my own life (by the self, with the self, by one's own person)

• कपिसिंहे (kapisiṁhe) - in Vālin (the king of monkeys, described as a lion) (in the lion among monkeys, in the monkey-lion)

• महाभागे (mahābhāge) - in the supremely fortunate (husband) (in the greatly fortunate, in the illustrious)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (husband) (in that, to that)

• भर्तरि (bhartari) - in my husband (in the husband, in the maintainer, in the lord)

• नश्यति (naśyati) - is perishing, has perished (present tense indicating a state or immediate consequence) (perishes, is destroyed, disappears)

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by a son, with a son

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Genitive singular of asmad

किम् (kim) - what use? (what? why?)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable interrogative

कार्यम् (kāryam) - purpose, use (work, duty, purpose, what is to be done)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, business, purpose

Gerundive

Formed from root kṛ (to do) + suffix -ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

किम् (kim) - what use? (what? why?)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable interrogative

राज्येन (rājyena) - by a kingdom, with a kingdom

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

From rājan (king) + -ya suffix

Root: rāj (class 1)

किम् (kim) - what use? (what? why?)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable interrogative

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by my very self, my own life (by the self, with the self, by one's own person)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, life, essence, mind

Root: an (class 2)

कपिसिंहे (kapisiṁhe) - in Vālin (the king of monkeys, described as a lion) (in the lion among monkeys, in the monkey-lion)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kapisiṃha

kapisiṁha - a lion among monkeys, a mighty monkey

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kapi+siṃha)

• kapi – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)

महाभागे (mahābhāge) - in the supremely fortunate (husband) (in the greatly fortunate, in the illustrious)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, highly blessed, illustrious, noble

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  From mahat
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune, lot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kapisiṃhe' and 'bhartari'.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (husband) (in that, to that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Locative singular of demonstrative pronoun tad

भर्तरि (bhartari) - in my husband (in the husband, in the maintainer, in the lord)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, lord, master, supporter, maintainer

Agent noun from root bhṛ

Agent noun from root bhṛ, meaning 'to bear, carry, maintain'.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Refers to Vālin.

नश्यति (naśyati) - is perishing, has perished (present tense indicating a state or immediate consequence) (perishes, is destroyed, disappears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of naś

Present indicative

Third person singular, active voice, present tense of root naś (class 4).

Root: naś (class 4)

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