वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-19, verse-16

अभार्याः सह भार्याश्च सन्त्यत्र वनचारिणः ।
लुब्धेभ्यो विप्रयुक्तेभ्यः स्वेभ्यो नस्तुमुलं भयम् ॥१६॥

16. abhāryāḥ saha bhāryāśca santyatra vanacāriṇaḥ ,
lubdhebhyo viprayuktebhyaḥ svebhyo nastumulaṃ bhayam.

16. abhāryāḥ saha bhāryāḥ ca santi atra vanacāriṇaḥ |
lubdhebhyaḥ viprayuktebhyaḥ svebhyaḥ naḥ tumulam bhayam

16. atra abhāryāḥ ca saha bhāryāḥ vanacāriṇaḥ santi naḥ
lubdhebhyaḥ viprayuktebhyaḥ svebhyaḥ tumulam bhayam (asti)

16. Here, there are forest-dwellers (vanacāriṇaḥ) both without wives and with their wives. However, a great and tumultuous fear (bhayam) comes to us from our own people who are greedy and separated (from us).

Words meanings summery:

• अभार्याः (abhāryāḥ) - without wives, wifeless

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• भार्याः (bhāryāḥ) - wives

• च (ca) - and, also

• सन्ति (santi) - they are, there are

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• वनचारिणः (vanacāriṇaḥ) - forest-dwellers, hermits, ascetics

• लुब्धेभ्यः (lubdhebhyaḥ) - from the greedy ones

• विप्रयुक्तेभ्यः (viprayuktebhyaḥ) - separated (from us) (from those separated, from those disjoined)

• स्वेभ्यः (svebhyaḥ) - from our own, from our kinsmen

• नः (naḥ) - to us (to us, for us, our)

• तुमुलम् (tumulam) - great and tumultuous (fear) (great, mighty, tumultuous, terrible)

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread

Words meanings and morphology

अभार्याः (abhāryāḥ) - without wives, wifeless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhārya

abhārya - without a wife, wifeless

Bahuvrihi compound: a- (negation) + bhārya (having a wife).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+bhārya)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• bhārya – wife, something to be supported
  noun (feminine)
  gerundive/noun
  From root bhṛ (to bear, support) with suffix -ya, meaning 'to be supported' or 'one's wife'.
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'vanacāriṇaḥ'.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Preposition governing instrumental case.

भार्याः (bhāryāḥ) - wives

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, consort

From root bhṛ (to bear, support) with suffix -ya.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Used with 'saha', implying instrumental sense here, 'with wives'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'without wives' and 'with wives'.

सन्ति (santi) - they are, there are

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active 3rd Person Plural

From root as, Present (laṭ), active voice, 3rd person plural.

Root: as (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'idam' (this) + suffix 'tra'.

Note: Adverb of place.

वनचारिणः (vanacāriṇaḥ) - forest-dwellers, hermits, ascetics

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vanacārin

vanacārin - forest-dweller, ranger, ascetic

Compound: vana (forest) + cārin (moving, dwelling).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+cārin)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – moving, going, dwelling; one who moves/dwells
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/suffix
  From root car (to move, to wander) with suffix -in.
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'santi'.

लुब्धेभ्यः (lubdhebhyaḥ) - from the greedy ones

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, plural of lubdha

lubdha - greedy, covetous, eager; a hunter

Past Passive Participle

From root lubh (to be bewildered, to desire) with suffix -kta.

Root: lubh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'viprayuktebhyaḥ' and 'svebhyaḥ'. Indicates source of fear.

विप्रयुक्तेभ्यः (viprayuktebhyaḥ) - separated (from us) (from those separated, from those disjoined)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, plural of vi-pra-yukta

vi-pra-yukta - disjoined, separated, estranged, deprived of

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to join) with prefixes vi and pra. Past passive participle.

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'lubdhebhyaḥ' and 'svebhyaḥ'.

स्वेभ्यः (svebhyaḥ) - from our own, from our kinsmen

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - one's own, own people, kinsmen

Note: Agrees with 'lubdhebhyaḥ' and 'viprayuktebhyaḥ'.

नः (naḥ) - to us (to us, for us, our)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - we (pronoun)

Note: Here, dative, meaning 'to us' (in context of fear coming to us).

तुमुलम् (tumulam) - great and tumultuous (fear) (great, mighty, tumultuous, terrible)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, confused, great, terrible

Note: Agrees with 'bhayam'.

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension

From root bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of implied 'asti' (is).

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