वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-58, verse-30

इमामन्धां च वृद्धां च मातरं ते तपस्विनीम् ।
कथं पुत्र भरिष्यामि कृपणां पुत्रगर्धिनीम् ॥३०॥

30. imāmandhāṃ ca vṛddhāṃ ca mātaraṃ te tapasvinīm ,
kathaṃ putra bhariṣyāmi kṛpaṇāṃ putragardhinīm.

30. imām andhām ca vṛddhām ca mātaram te tapasvinīm
katham putra bhariṣyāmi kṛpaṇām putragardhinīm

30. putra,
katham aham te imām andhām ca vṛddhām ca tapasvinīm kṛpaṇām putragardhinīm mātaram bhariṣyāmi?

30. O son, how will I support your mother, who is blind, old, unfortunate, wretched, and longing for her son?

Words meanings summery:

• इमाम् (imām) - this (feminine)

• अन्धाम् (andhām) - blind

• च (ca) - and, also

• वृद्धाम् (vṛddhām) - old, aged, grown

• च (ca) - and, also

• मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

• ते (te) - your (referring to the deceased son's mother) (your, to you)

• तपस्विनीम् (tapasvinīm) - unfortunate, miserable (due to losing her son) (ascetic, pious, unfortunate, miserable)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• पुत्र (putra) - O son

• भरिष्यामि (bhariṣyāmi) - I will support, I will maintain, I will bear

• कृपणाम् (kṛpaṇām) - wretched, miserable, pitiable

• पुत्रगर्धिनीम् (putragardhinīm) - longing for a son, craving a son

Words meanings and morphology

इमाम् (imām) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'mātaram'.

अन्धाम् (andhām) - blind

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of andha

andha - blind

Note: Agrees with 'mātaram'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects adjectives.

वृद्धाम् (vṛddhām) - old, aged, grown

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛdh (to grow).

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mātaram'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects adjectives.

मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Object of 'bhariṣyāmi'.

ते (te) - your (referring to the deceased son's mother) (your, to you)

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Note: Here in the genitive sense 'your'.

तपस्विनीम् (tapasvinīm) - unfortunate, miserable (due to losing her son) (ascetic, pious, unfortunate, miserable)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tapasvinī

tapasvinī - ascetic, pious, unfortunate, miserable

Note: Agrees with 'mātaram'.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

पुत्र (putra) - O son

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Direct address to the son.

भरिष्यामि (bhariṣyāmi) - I will support, I will maintain, I will bear

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhṛ

Future tense, Parasmaipada, 1st person singular.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

कृपणाम् (kṛpaṇām) - wretched, miserable, pitiable

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛpaṇā

kṛpaṇā - wretched, miserable, pitiable

Note: Agrees with 'mātaram'.

पुत्रगर्धिनीम् (putragardhinīm) - longing for a son, craving a son

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of putragardhinī

putragardhinī - longing for a son, craving a son

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+gardhinī)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• gardhinī – longing, greedy, craving (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)
  Derived from root gardh (to long for).
  Root: gardh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mātaram'.

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