वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-27, verse-31

ब्राह्मणेभ्यश्च रत्नानि भिक्षुकेभ्यश्च भोजनम् ।
देहि चाशंसमानेभ्यः संत्वरस्व च माचिरम् ॥३१॥

31. brāhmaṇebhyaśca ratnāni bhikṣukebhyaśca bhojanam ,
dehi cāśaṃsamānebhyaḥ saṃtvarasva ca māciram.

31. brāhmaṇebhyaḥ ca ratnāni bhikṣukebhyaḥ ca bhojanam
dehi ca āśaṃsamānebhyaḥ saṃtvarasva ca mā ciram

31. brāhmaṇebhyaḥ ratnāni ca bhikṣukebhyaḥ bhojanam
ca āśaṃsamānebhyaḥ dehi ca saṃtvarasva mā ciram

31. Give jewels to Brahmins and food to beggars, and also to those who desire them. Hasten, and do not delay.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणेभ्यः (brāhmaṇebhyaḥ) - to the Brahmins, for the Brahmins

• च (ca) - and, also

• रत्नानि (ratnāni) - jewels, gems, treasures

• भिक्षुकेभ्यः (bhikṣukebhyaḥ) - to the beggars, for the beggars

• च (ca) - and, also

• भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food, meal

• देहि (dehi) - give, bestow

• च (ca) - and, also

• आशंसमानेभ्यः (āśaṁsamānebhyaḥ) - to those who desire, to those who hope for, to those who expect

• संत्वरस्व (saṁtvarasva) - hasten, hurry

• च (ca) - and, also

• मा (mā) - not, do not (prohibitive particle)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणेभ्यः (brāhmaṇebhyaḥ) - to the Brahmins, for the Brahmins

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class

Derived from brahman (Vedic hymn, ultimate reality).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रत्नानि (ratnāni) - jewels, gems, treasures

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of ratna

ratna - jewel, gem, treasure, precious object

Note: Direct object of 'dehi'.

भिक्षुकेभ्यः (bhikṣukebhyaḥ) - to the beggars, for the beggars

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of bhikṣuka

bhikṣuka - beggar, mendicant, one who lives on alms

From root 'bhikṣ' (to beg, desire).

Root: bhikṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food, meal

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhojana

bhojana - food, meal, act of eating

From root 'bhuj' (to enjoy, eat).

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Direct object of 'dehi'.

देहि (dehi) - give, bestow

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dā

Imperative 2nd singular active

From root 'dā', 3rd class, reduplicated, Parasmaipada, Imperative mood.

Root: dā (class 3)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आशंसमानेभ्यः (āśaṁsamānebhyaḥ) - to those who desire, to those who hope for, to those who expect

(participle)

Dative, masculine, plural of āśaṃsamāna

āśaṁsamāna - desiring, hoping, expecting

Present Middle Participle

From root 'śaṃs' (to praise, declare) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

संत्वरस्व (saṁtvarasva) - hasten, hurry

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of saṃtvar

Imperative 2nd singular middle

From root 'tvar' (to hurry) with prefix 'sam'. 1st class, Ātmanepada.

Prefix: sam

Root: tvar (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मा (mā) - not, do not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

Used with aorist or imperative to express prohibition.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

Adverbial accusative of 'cira'.